nexANDBR CL^HB » C\aLL IMuR.'. i t P S TaHUHTI

Head Office

LIFE issocum.

Toronto St., Toronto.

HON. SIR WM.

PRESIDENT:

P. HOWLAND. C.B., K.C.M.G.

VICE-PRESIDENTS :

HON. WM. IVJcMASTER, President Canadian Bank of Commerce. WM. ELLIOT, Esq., President People's Loan and Deposit Company.

DIRECTORS :

Hon. Chief Justice Macdonald, Halifax.

Hon. T. N. Gibbs, Senator.

W. H. Beattt, Esq.

Hon. Isaac Buepee, M.P., St. John, NJB.

Edward Hoopeb, Esq.

J. Hebbeet Mason, Esq.

James Young, Esq., M.P.P.

F.A. BAI.L, Esq.

M. P. Eyan, Esq. Montreal.

S. NoEDHEiMER, Esq., Pros. Fed. Bank.

W. H. Gibbs, Esq.

A. McLean Howaed, Esq.

Actuary.— C. CARPMAEL, M.A,. F.R.A.S., Late Fellow of St. Johns Col- lege. Cambridge.

The Clergymen's Special Plan of this Association affords very suDstantialad^-an- tages to Ministers, giving assurances on the With Profits Plan, at greatly reduced rates. Apply direct to the Head Office, stating age Nnxf Birtliday, and the kind of Policy wanted.

The Second Qnincpiennial Division of Profits, has afforded the Policy-holders the greatest satisfaction, and called forth numberless expressions of pleasure iron:s them.

In conducting the business the Directors and Management are gisided by the following rules :

FIRST— SAFETY, No present advantage will compensate for future failure, and hence adeqjtate- Reserves have been provided from the outset.

SECOPJU-EQUITY.

justice to each Policy-holder in Allocating Profits. Hence e>ar .system does away with what is constantly practised, viz. : Assessing the profits on Policies of long standing to benefit new Entrants and younger Policies, and decreas- ing the share of Profits properly belonging to Policies on the Endowment and Limited Payment plans to increase those of Policies on the Life plan.

PROFIT IRESUI,TS. The following examples for the Five Years comprising the last Qoinquennium will bear favorable comparison with those of any other Company :

1 Annual

5 Yeai-s" Cash Profits

Policy No,

Plan.

AmoTuit Assured.

1 Premium.

to Dec. 3ast, 1881.

465

Ordinary Eife.

.$2,500 00

*52 23

.*107 07

937

10 Payment Life.

1,000 00

40 76

85 87

774

20 Yrs. Endowment

1,000 00

47 85

93 55

1,72,5

15 Yrs. Endowment

1,000 00

64 95

100 93

1,000

■10 Yrs. Endowment

5,000 00

520 15

1,012 70

J. K. MACDONALD,

Secretary.

HE CONGREGATIONAL Ll8»*rai

THE CANADIAN

CONGREGATIONAL

YEAR BOOK,

If^ftO.-ftQ

With the Editor's CompHments.

WITH REPORTS OF THE SOCIETIES.

TORONTO :

CONGREGATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY.

1882.

CONFEBEEATl LIFE ASSOCIATION.

Head Office

Toronto St., Toronto.

PRESIDENT: HON. SIR WM. P. ROWLAND, C.B., K.C.M.G.

VICE-PRESIDENTS :

HON. WM. IVJcMASTER, President Canadian Bank of Commerce. WM. ELLIOT, Esq., President People's Loan and Deposit Company.

DIRECTORS :

Hon. Chief Justice Macdonald, Halilax.

Hon. T. N. Uibbs, Senator.

W. H. Beattt, Esq.

Hon. Isaac Burpee, M.P., St. John, N.B.

Edward Hoopeb, Esq.

J. Heebebt Mason, Esq.

Actuarv c. c a r pm a f? r ma

James Young, Esq., M.P.P.

E. A. Ball, Esq.

M. P. Etan, Esq. Montreal.

S. NORDHEIMER, Esq., Pres. Fed. Bank.

W. H. GIBBS, Esq.

A. McLean Howard, Esq.

av\_^. ...... ... v-v^.aontiii.ij piacTisea, viz. : Assessing the profits on Policies:

of long standing to benefit new Entrants and younger Policies, and decreas- ing the share of Profits properly belonging to Policies on the Endowment and Limited Payment plans to increase those of Policies on the Life plan.

PROFIT MESULXS, The following examples for the Five Years comprising the last Qoinquenninm will bear favorable comparison with those of any other Company :

Annual

5 Yeai-s' Cash Profits

Policy No,

Plan.

Amoiuit Assured.

Premiuni.

to Dec. 31st, 1881.

465

Ordinary Life.

.$2,500 00

$52 23

*107 07

937

10 Payment Life.

1,000 00

40 76

85 87

774

20 Yrs. Endowment

1,000 00

47 85

93 55

1,725

15 Yrs. Endowment

1,000 00

64 95

100 93

1,000

10 Yrs. Endowment

5,000 00

520 15

1,012 70

J. K. MACDONALD,

Secretari/.

He CONGREGATIONAL LIBftfcWI

M Bf-.Ac;oN 3TK-. ■-:'

THE CANADIAN

CONGREGATIONAL

YEAR BOOK,

1882-83,

EDITOR :

KEY. SAMUEL N. JACKSON, M:.D.

WITH REPORTS OF THE SOCIETIES.

TORONTO :

CONGREGATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY.

1882.

KINGSTON : BRITISH WHie STEAM PBINT, 836, 338 AND WO, KING STBEET EAST.

PREFACE.

It is now ten years since the Rev. F. H. Marling and the present editor preptired the scheme for thq publication of the Canada Congre- gational Yeak Book, which was adopted by the Union and other societies assembling in Brantford in 1878. The first volume was edited by Mr. Marling, the six subsequent volumes by the Rev. John Wood, and for three years it has been under the present editorial management.

To meet the expenses of its pub'.iciition it was agreed that the various societies which had previously published separate reports should each in future become responsible for the cost of their printing in the Year Book, thereby enabling the pul)lishers to furnish it to the churches at a price barely sufficient to meet the cost of the prelimi- nary matter in the volume. This plan has been adhered to and found to work satisfactorily.

The ten volumes already issued furnish historical matter and pro- vides a means for reference which our church members will do well to preserve. To facilitate a ready reference to former volumes, a decennial index has been added to this volume.

While manifest imperfections mark the present volume, it has been sought to make improvements in each annual issue. In this connection the churches are again under obligation to Wm. Neish, Esq., of Her Majesty's Customs, Kingston, for valuable assistance in passing the present volume through the press, and to James Smith, Esq., Toronto, for the handsome design for the cover.

In addition to the reports of societies which have previously ap- peared, we this year present those of the Ladies' Home Missionary Societ}'^ of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, the Canada Foreign Missionary Society, and the Labrador Mission.

Samuel N. Jackson. Kingston, Aug. 31st, 1882.

CONTENTS.

PABT I.

1. Permanent Calendar for the Century .... .... Ii

2. Postal Regulations for Canada ..., .... .... .... .... 12

3. Official List .... .... .... 13

4. Census Returns for Canada .... 17

5. Travellers' Guide to Places of Worship .... .... 20

6. Congregational Ministers in Canada .... .... .... .... 22

7. Congregational Churches in Canada .... .... 23

8. District Associations in Canada .... .... .... 24

9. General Congregational Statistics .... .... .... 26

10. Congregational Unions .... 33

11. Congregational Societies .... .... .... .... .... 34

12. Congregational Colleges .... .... .... .... .... 39

13. Congregational Publications .... .... .... .... 40

14. Books on Congregationalism .... .... .... 42

15. Congregational Ecclesiastical Record for Canada 44

16. Summary of Canadian Congregational Statistics for 1882 .... 45

17. Biographical Sketch of Rev. T. Howell .... .... .... .... 47

18. The June Gathering in Brantford. .. . .... .... .... .... 50

19. The Congregational May Meetings in England .... .... 58

20. The Scope and Fruit of the Christian Ministry .... .... .... 61

21. Parliamentary Rules or Regulations for Deliberative Assemblies .... 84

22. The Maritime Union, Report of Annual Meeting .... .... 92

PART II.

I— CONGREGATIONAL UNION OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.

1 . Officers and Appointments for 1882-83 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 95

2. Constitution and Rules ... , .... .... .... 96

3. Declaration of Faith

4. Resolutions on Councils. .. .

5. Ministers Members of the Union.

6. Churches Belonging to the Union

7. Tabular Statement of the A.nnual Meetings of the Union 103

8. Proceedings of the Union . . .... .... .... .... .... 104

9. Collections from the Churches for the Union .... .... 113

10. Financial Statement of the Treasurer .... .... .... .... 114

11. Statistics of the Churches. . .... .... .... .... .... 115

II. CONGREGATIONAL UNION OF NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK.

r. Officers and .Appointments for 1882-83 .... .... .... .... 123

2. Constitution and Rules 124

3. Ministers and Churches in the Union .... 127

4. Abstract of Proceedings of the Union 128

5. Statistics of the Churches 130

(vi. ) PAKT III.

L— CONGREGA.TIONIONAL COLLEGE OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

1. Office-bearers and Professors ....

2. By-laws and Regulations .... ....

3. List of Alumni .... . .

4. Course of Study ....

5. Medal and Exhibitions .... ....

6. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting

7. Report for the Year 1881-82

8. Treasurer's Statement

9. Christmas and Sessional Examinations 10. List of Life Members .... ....

II.— CONGREGATIONAL PROVIDENT FUND, I. Office-bearers for 1882-83

2. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting

3. The Annual Report for 1881-82

4. List of Beneficiary Members

5. The Treasurer's Statement

III.— CONGREGATIONAL PUBLISHNG COMPANY.

Office-bearers for 1882-83

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting .... .... ....

The Annual Report

The Treasurer's Statement ....

137 138 141

143 144 144 146 153 154 156

157 158 158 161 161

163 164 165

Ib8

PART IV.

I.— CANADA CONGREGATIONAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

1. Office-bearers and Committees for 1882-83 •- •••• 17^'

2. Constitution and By-laws .. .... .... 172

3. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting.. .... .... 173

4. General Secretary-Treasurer's Report .... .... .... .... 175

5. Report of the Church Building Fund .... .... .... .... 177

6. Manitoba Committee Report .... .... .... .... 177

7. Western District Report 178

8. Central District Report 180

9. Eastern District Report 180

10. Quebec District Report .... .... 182

11. List of Life Members ; 185

12. Summary of Subscriptions from the Districts .... 187

13. Treasurer's Statement .... .... .... .... 188

14. Manitoba Mission Accounts .... .... .... .... 188

II.— NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

1. Officers and Committee for 1882-83. . •••• •••■

2. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting .... .... .... 189

3. The Annual Report 190

4. Report of the Visiting Missionary 191

-LADIES' HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY, N.S. AND N.B.

III.

1. Names of Officers

2. Constitution

3. The Annual Report ....

4. Reports from Branch Societies

5. Monies collected for 1881-82

• 195

. . 196

.. 197

. . 198

, . 200

( vii. )

IV.— NEWFOUNDLAND MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

1. Office-bearers and Committees for 1882-3 ... . •••■ •••• ^02

2. Church and Mission Statistics .... 203

3. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting. . .... .... .... .... 204

4. The Annual Report .... .... .... .... .... 204

5. Annual Report of Ladies' Auxiliary .... .... .... 205

6. Treasurer's Statement .... .... .... .... .... .... 206

v.— CONGREGATIONAL INDIAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

r. Office-bearers for 1882-83 .. .... .... .... .... .... 207

2. Constitution .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 208

3. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting. . .... .... .... .... 209

4. The Annual Report .... .... .... .... .... .... 209

5. Treasurer's Statement .... .... .... .... 212

VI.— CONGREGATIONAL FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF B.N.A.

1. List of Office-bearers and Committee 213

2. Constitution and By-laws. . .... .... .... 214

3. Proceedings of Annual Meeting .... .... .... .... 215

4. The Annual Report .... .... 216

5. Treasurer's Statement .... .... .... .... .... — . 218

6. List of Contributors .... .... .... .... .... 218

VII.— LABRADOR MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

1 . List of Office-bearers .219

2. The Annual Report 219

3. Receipts and Expenditure.. .... .... .... 221

PAET V.

SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE SOCIETIES.

1 . Summary of Collections .... .... .... 225

2. List of Subscribers to the College of B.N.A 227

3. List of Subscribers to the C. C. Missionary Society 230

4. List of Subscribers to N. S. and N. B. Missionary Society 239

5. List of Subscribers to the Indian Missionary Society. . .... 240

6. Forms for Bequests 249

7. Decennial Index . . .... .... .... .... . . • . 250

8. Business Directory .... 252

INPDEfX.

PAGE

jDistrictj in Canada 24

Alumni, List of 141

Beneficiaries Cong. P. P. Society 161

Bequests, Forms for 249

Books on Congregationalism 42

Biographical Slietoh 47

Calendar for the Century 11

Councils, Eesolutious on 100

Census Eeturns 17

Churches, Congregational, in Canada... 23

Colleges, Congregational 39

Church Building Society Ill

Constitution, O. and Q. Union 96

Constitution of N.S. and N.B. Union 124

Constitution, C.C.M.S 172

Constitution, Union of 0. and Q 96

Constitution, C.C.I.M.S 208

Constitution, Ladies' H. M., N. S 196

Constitution, F.M.S., B.N.A 214

Collections for Union 0. and Q 113

College, Congregational of B.N.A 137

Com-se of Study, College 143

College, By-laws 138

College, Medal and Exhibitions 144

College, Annual Meeting of 144

College, Annual Eeport of 146

College, Treasurer's Statement 153

Committee, C. CM. 8 171

Christian Ministry, its Scope & Fruits ... 61

Declaration of Faith 98

District Beport, Western 178

District Eeport, Central 180

District Eeport, Eastern: 180

District Eeport, Quebec 182

Ecclesiastical Eeeord 44

Examinations, College 154

Endowment Fund, CoUege 152

Foreign Missionary Society, Canada... 213

Howell, the late James 47

Indian Missionary Society 207

Indian Mission, Annual Eeport 209

June Gathering, Congregational Union.. 50

Life Members, C.C.M.S 185

Life Members, CoUege 156

Labrador Mission 219

May Meetings in England 58

Ministers, Congregational, in Canada... 22

Missionary Society, C.C 171

Missionary Society Eeport, C.C 175

pagS

Maritime Union 92

Missionary Society, N.S. and N.B 189

Missionary Society, Ladies,' N.S. & N.B. 195

Manitoba Committee, Eeport 177

Newfoundland Missionary Society 201

Newfoundland Eeport 204

Newfoundland Ladies' Association 205

Official List „ 13

Officers of C.C.B.N.A 137

Officers of Union O. and Q 95

Officers of Union N.S. andN.B 123

Officers of the C.C. Missionary Society 171

Officers of the N.S. & N.B. Miss, Soc 189

Officers of the C.C.I.M.S 207

Officers of the Provident Fund 157

Parliamentary Eules 84

Postal Eegulations 12

Publications by Congregationalists 40

Provident Fimd Society 157

Provident Fund Eeport 158

Publishing Company 163

Publishing Company Beport 165

Statistics, Congregational 26

Societies, Congregational 34

Statistics of Churches, O. and Q 115

Statistics of Churches, N.S. and N.B. ... 130

Subscriptions, Summary of 225

Summary of Collections, C.C.M.S 187

Summary of Statistics for 1882 45

Subscribers to the College 227

Subscribers to the C.C.M.S 230

Subscribers to the C.C.I.M.S 240

Travellers' Directory 20

Treasui-er's Statement of Union, O & Q. 114

Treasurer's Statement, C.C.M.S 188

Treasui-er's Statement, Manitoba Com.. 188

Treasui-er's Statement, F.M.S 218

Treasurer's Statement, C.C.I.M.S 212

Treasurer's Statement, Nfld. M.S 206

Treasurer's Statement, C.P.F. Society... 161 Treasurer's Statement, PubUshing Co... 168

Unions, Congregational 33

Union of O. andQ 104

Union, Churches in 102

Union, Ministers in 101

Unions, Annual Meetings of 103

Union, Contributions for O. and Q 113

Union of N.S. and N.B 123

Visiting Missionary, N.S. & N.B Eeport.. 191

PART I

Calendar — Postal Rates — Official List— Census Rettirns — Travel- ler's Guide — Congregational Ministers in Canada — Congregational Churches in Canada — The District Associations — Congregational Statistics — Congregational Unions — Congregational Societies — Congregational Colleges— Congregational Publications — Books on Congregationalism — Ecclesiastical Record — Summary of Statistics — Biographical Sketches — The June Gathering — Congregational May Meetings in England — The Scope and Fruit of the Christian Ministry — Parliamentary Rules — The Maraitime Union.

CALENDAR FOR THE CENTURY.

tt

PERMiNEIT OALEIDAR FOE THE OSNTURY.

Explanation : The seven Caletidars in the right hand Table (numbered 1 to 7) exhibit every possible variation in the month-date of each day of the week. The num- bers in the left hand Table indicate the proper calendar for each month of every year, from 1865 to 1900.

Tear.

1

1

CO

m

i

g

1

iSa

I

a

1=^

1

E-i

.3

1

1S65

I

4

7

2

7

3

6

I

4

6

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 866

2

5

I

3

I

4

2

5

7

1

8

9

10

II

12

13

14

1867

3

2

4

2

5

3

6

I

^5

16

17

18

19

20

21

186S

4

4

6

4

7

5

I

3

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

1869

6

5

7

5

I

6

2

4

29

30

31

1870

7

6

I

6

2

7

3

5

I

2

3

4

5

6

1871

I

4

7

2

7

3

I

4

6

7

8

9

10

II

12

13

1872

2

2

4

2

5

3

6

I

0

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

1873

4

7

3

5

3

6

4

7

2

Z/

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

1874

5

4

6

4

7

5

r

3

28

29

30

31

1875

6

5

7

5

I

6

2

4

I

2

3

4

5

1876

7

7

2

7

3

1

4

6

6

7

8

9

10

II

12

1877

2

I

3

I

4

2

5

7

3

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

1878

3

2

4

2

5

3

6

I

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

1879

4

3

5

3

6

4

7

2

27

28

29

30

31

1880

5

5

7

5

I

6

2

4

I

2

3

4

1881

7

6

I

6

2

7

3

5

5

6

7

8

9

10

II

1882

I

7

2

7

3

I

4

6

4

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

'11^

2

I

3

I

4

2

5

7

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

1884

3

3

5

3

6

4

7

2

26

27

28

29

30

31

1885

5

4

6

4

7

,

5

I

3

I

2

3

1886

6

5

7

5

I

6

2

4

4

5

6

■7

8

9

10

1887

7

6

6

2

7

3

5

5

II

12

13

14

15

16

17

1888

I

I

3

I

4

2

5

7

18

'9

20

21

22

23

24

1S89

3

'^

2

4

2

5

3

6

I

^5

26

27

28

29

30

31

1890

4

J

3

5

3

6

4

7

2

I

2

1891

5

I

4

6

4

7

5

I

3

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1892

6

6

I

6

2

7

3

5

6

10

II

12

13

14

15

16

1893

I

7

2

7

3

4

6

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

1894

2

I

3

I

4

5

7

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

1895

3

^

2

4

2

5

3

6

I

31

1896

4

7

4

6

4

7

5

I

3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1897

6

5

7

5

I

6

2

4

7

9

10

II

12

13

14

15

1898

7

6

I

6

2

7

3

5

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

1899

I

7

2

7

3

I

4

6

^3

24

25

26

27

28

29

1900

2

6

2

4

2

J_

J_

6

I

^

31

Directions : Find the month and year required, in the left hand Table. The figure opposite both will indicate the calendar to be used. Thus : January, 1879, gives the figure "4;" hence the fourth calendar is the one for January, 1879, and the New Year is seen to fall on Wednesday.

12 CANADA POSTAL REGULATIONS.

POSTAL REGULATIONS.

Lettebs Addressed pbom ob to Places in Canada and the United States, not exceeding J oz. in weight, 3 cents, and three cents for every additional hall ounce. Drop Letters, § ounce in weight, 1 cent each.

Newfoundland and Great Britain, and all places within the Postal Union, either by Canadian or New York Mail Steamers, not exceeding J oz. in weight, 5 cents, and five cents for each additional half ounce. Postal Cards, 2 cents.

The above rates must in all oases be prepaid by postage stamps.

Eegisteeed Letters, for places in Canada and Newfoundland, must be prepaid by stamp, in addition to the postage rate, 2 cents each. To the United States and to the United Kingdom, 5 cents each.

Monet Obdees are issued on every Money Order Office in Canada at a charge of 2 cents for sums not exceeding .$4, 5 cents for •'rlO, 10 cents for iiS20, etc.; to Newfoundland, the United Kingdom, and the United States, 10 cents for sums not exceeding GIO, and 20 cents for $20, etc.

South and West AusteajjIA, and Tasmania via San Francisco, Letters 7 cents per J oz. Newspapers 4 cents. New South Wales, Victobiaand Queensland, and New Zealand via San Francisco, Letters 15 cents per J oz., Newspapers 4 cents per 2 oz.

Ee-Dieected Letters. — Letters re-directed to places in Canada and the United States without being taken out of the Post-Offlce, are not liable to any additional postage, but if taken from the Post-Offlce and subsequently reposted, they must be prepaid at least one full rate for Canada, and in full for the United States, in default of which they will be sent to the Dead Letter Office.

Newspapers and Peeiodioals.— Transient Newspapers within the Dominion, the United States, or Ne-^vfoundlaud, 1 cent per four ounces or fraction thereof. A single paper weighing less than one ounce will be forwarded for § cent. Newspapers posted for city delivery must be prepaid ^ cent.

To the United Elingdom and all European countries, 1 cent each Newspaper under 2 ounces. A smgle paper weighing more than four ounces wiU be subject to two or more rates of postage.

Parcels.— Parcels are sent to places within the Dominion of Canada (only), and should be plainly addressed, marked "By Parcel Post." The sender's name should be wiitten on the lower left hand corner. A parcel mast not contain a letter or any correspondence — postage 6 cents per 4 oz. or fraction of 4 oz. : limit of weight, 5 lbs., except to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and British Columbia via United States, which is 2 lbs. 3 oz. Parcels may be registered— fee five cents in postage stamps.

Miscellaneous Postal Matter.— Books and Pamphlets, Printed Circulars, HandBills Book and Newspaper Manuscript, Printers' Proofs, Maps, Engravings, Sheet Music, Photo- graphs, Seeds, Boots, &o., to a.ny place in Canada or the United States, 1 cent per 4 oz. in weight. Book Packets must be put up in wrappers open at both ends. Patterns and Samples for places in Canada, 1 cent per 4 oz. in weight, and must be put up so as to admit of inspection. Sample Packages may be Registered. Patterns and samples of merchandise for places in the United States, subject to the special rate of 10 cents each, prepaid by stamps, and must not exceed 8 oz. in weight. "^Vhen addressed to places in the United Kingdom, they must be prepaid by postage stamp at 1 cent per 2 oz., or fraction of 2 oz.

Letters and Newspapers foe Poeeign Places.— Letters addressed to each of the fol- lowing places, 5 cents for each J oz. ; Postal Cards, 2 cents ; Newspapers, under 4 oz., 2 cents ; Book Packets 1 cent per 2 oz. : Austria, (including Hungary and Belgium), Denmark (including Iceland and Faroe Islands), Egypt, France and Algeria, Germany, Gibraltar Great Britain and Ireland, Greece and Ionian Islands, Italy, Japan, Malta, Netherlands Norway, Portugal and Islands of Maderia and Azores, Eussia and Grand Duchy of Finland St. Pierre et Miquelon, Spaui, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey (European and Asiatic.)

To the following places, Letters J oz. are 10 cents. Postal Cards 2 cents, Newspapers under 4 oz., 4 cents, and Book Packets, for 2 oz., 2 cents: Aden (Arabia), Argentine Con- federation, Brazil, British Guiana, via N.Y., Ceylon, via S. F. & E., Hong Kong (including Amoy, Canton, Foo-Chow, Hankow, Ningoo and Swatow, via S. F., India (British), Mauritius and its Dependencies, Straits Settlement of Singapore, Penang ond Malacca.

OFFICIAL LIST. I3

OFFICIAL LIST FOR 1882-83.

I. OONGEEGATIONAL UNION OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.

Chairman for 1882— George Hague, Esq., Montreal,

Chairman/or 1883— Be\. Charles Duff, M.A., Speedside, Out.

Secretary-Treasurer — Eev. John Wood, Ottawa.

Statistical Secretary— Bex. W. H. Warriner, B.A., Bowmanville.

Minute Secreta:nes—B.eY. J. R. Black, B.A., Eev. J. B. Saer, B.D.

Union Committee — Revs. Prof. Cornish, LL.D., J. Burton, B.D., Dr. Jackson, W. H. Allworth, W. Hav, W. H. A. Claris, H. D. Hunter, D. McGregor, M.A., R. Hay; Messrs. H. Cox, A. T. H. Johnson, J. Cameron, H. Mathewson, J. Wisuer, A. C. Johnston, J. Goldie.

Place of Meeting— London, Ont., June 6th, 1883, 7:30 p.m.

Preachers — Revs. W. Hay and J. B. Silcox.

Alternates— Uqy. D. McGregor, B.A., and Rev. Thomas Hall.

Papers— Bj Revs. J. L. Forster, LL.B., and A. F. McGregor, B.A.

Delegates to A.B.C.F.M.—Bevs. Dr. Jackson and Thomas Hall.

H. CONG-EEGATIONAL UNION OF NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK.

Chairman — Rev. James Shipperley, Chebogue, N.S.

Secretary — Rev. Joseph Barker, Sheffield, N.B.

Statistical Secretary— 'Rex. Jacob Cox, B.A., Noel, N.S.

Missionary Secretary — Rev. A. McGregor, Yarmouth, N.S.

Treasurer — James Woodrow, Esq., St. John, N.B.

Committee — Revs. S. Sykes, C. L. Ross, I. L. Beman, J. W. Cox, D. W. Cameron ; Messrs. F, Dennis, W. T. Sterritt, W. Anderson, C. H. Dearborn, D. H. Burpee.

Place of Meeting — Milton, N.S., first week in July, 1883.

Preachers— Revs. D. W. Cameron, Primary ; J. W. Cox, B.A., Alternate.

Papers — By Revs. D. W. Cameron, J. Barker, I. L. Beman, S. Sykes.

in. CONG-REGATIONAIi COLLEGE, B.N. A.

Chairman of the Board — Rev. Dr. Stevenson, 926 Dorchester St., Montreal.

Secretary — Rev. Dr. Cornish, 117 Drummond St., Montreal.

Treasure)- — R. C. Jamieson, Esq., 186 University St., Montreal.

Board of Directors— Revs. H. Wilkes, "D.D., A. Duff, D.D., Prof. Fenwick, W. H. Allworth, S. N. Jackson, M.D., R. K. Black, J. L. Forster, LL.B., John Wood, James Roy, M.A., A. L. McFadyen, B.A., H. D. Powis, J. W. Cox, B.A. ; Messrs. C. Alexander, Henry

14 OFFICIAL LIST.

Lymaii, C. E. Black, Theodore Lyman, J. S. McLachlan, Geo, Hague, Eobert Anderson, Jonathan Brown, Robert McLachlan, J. R. Dougall, M.A., Charles Gushing, B.C.L., H. W. Walker, Robertson Macaulay. Auditors — M.eBsrs. J. B. Ijearmont and Wilham Reid.

IV. CANADA CONGREGATIONAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

Secretary -Treasurer — Rev. Dr. Wilkes, 249 Mountain St., Montreal.

Home /Secretary — Rev. Dr. Jackson, 84 Gore St., Kingston, Ont.

Superintendent of Missions — Rev. Thonias Hall, 479 Princess St., Kingston, Ont

Auditors —Me^fir>^. C. R. Black and R. 0. Jamieson, Montreal.

Executive Commiftn — Revs. Dr. Wilkes, Dr. Jackson, Convener; H. D. Powis, J. Burto)j., B.D., E. Ebbs, G. Doff, M.A., D. McGregor, B.A. ; Messrs. H. J. Glark, D. Higgins, D. Williams, J. Barber.

General Committee — Revs. Dr. Stevenson, Dr. Cornish, H. D. Powis, John Burton, B.D., E. Ebbs, R. Mackay, Hugh Pedley, B.A., A. Duff, D.D., J. R, Black, B.A., T. Hall, R. K. Black, H. D. Hunter, Wm. Hay, G. Duff, M.A., D. McGregor, M.A. ; Messrs. H. J. Clark, D. Higgins, J. Barber, I). Williams, W. C. Ashdown, H. Cox, J. Goldie, James Wilkes, C. Lawes, P. Christie, R. W. Cowan, C. Gushing.

Manitoba Committee- — Rev. J. L. Forster, LL.B., Secretary; Rev. Dr. Wilkes, Treasurer ; Revs. Dr. Stevenson, Dr. Cornish ; Messrs. George Hague. T. RobHrtson, J. R. Dougall, C. Gushing, H. Sanders, H. Lyman, G. R. Black, T. B. Macaulay.

Western District Sonimittee — Rev. C. Duff, M.x\., Secretary; Revs. W. Hay, W. H. AllwortJj, D. McGregor. M.A., J. R. Black. B.A., H. D. Hunter, E. D. Si] cox ; Messrs, J. Goldie, G. S. Armstrong, P. J. Martin, H. Cox, J. Wilkes, J. Bale.

Middle District Committee — Rev. J. Burton, B.D., Secretary; Revs. H. D. Powis, E. Ebbs, J. Unsworth ; Messrs. J. Barber, J. Smith, D. Higgins, W. Revell, D. Wilharas.

Eastern District Committee — Rev. R. Mackay, Secretary ; Revs. Dr. Jackson, T. Hall, J. Wood, D. Macallum, H. Pedley, B.A.. B. W. Day ; Messrs. G. S. Fenwick, G. Robertson, B. W. Robertson, John Field, M.P.P.

Quebec District Committee — Rov. Dr. Duff', Secretary; Revs. Dr. Stevenson, Prof. Fenwick, J. L. Foster, R. K. Black, J. G. Sander- son, Geo. Willet ; Hon. J. G. Robertson, Messrs. H. Hubbard, J. L. Goodhue, J. S. McLachlan, R. McLachlan, H. Sanders.

V. CANADA CONGREGATIONAL INDIAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

President — Dr. James H. Richardson, M.R.C.S., Eng., Toronto. Vice-President — Revs. Drs. Jackson, Stevenson, H. D. Powis, J. Burton, B.D., W. W, Smith, W. H. Warriner, B.A., G. Hague, Esq. Secretary— Rqv. A. F. McGregor, P.O. Box 933, Toronto. Treasurer — J. C. Copp, 69 Grosvenor Street, Toronto. Directors — Revs. R, Robinson, Joseph XJcBWorth, Charles Duff,

OFFICIAL LIST. 1 5

M.A., John Wood; Messrs. D. Higgins, J. D. Nasmith, George Scott, James Parquhar, John Adams, D. Wilhams, Auditors — Messrs. James McDunnough and WilHam Freeland.

VI. CANADA FOREIGN MISSIONAKY SOCIETY.

Preddmt—i. C. Field, M.P.P., Cobourg, Ont.

Vice-President— 'E^er^ . Henry D. Powis, Toronto.

Secretary — Rev. Thomas Hall, 479 Princess St., Kingston, Ont.

Treasurer — B W. Robertson, Kingston, Ont.

Directors— Revs. J. Burton, B.D., B. W. Day, C. Duff, M.A., J. L. Forster, LL.B., H. D. Hunter, S. N. Jackson,' M.D., R. Mackay, A. F. McGregor, B.A., D. McGregor, B.A., D. Macallum, H. Pedley, B.A., J. F. Stevenson, D.D., J. Wood ; Messrs. J. Adams, G. S. Armstrong, H. J. Olark, J. Goldie, G. Hague, T. B. Macaulay, T. Nicholson, G. Robertson, B. Robertson, J. H. Richardson, M.D.

Executive Committee —Revs. S. N. Jackson, M.D., R. Mackay, J. Wood, T. Hall ; Messrs. T. Nicholson, George Robertson, B. W. Robertson.

VII. LABRADOR MISSION.

President — Mrs. J. F. Stavenson, 926 Dorchester St., Montreal,

Vice-Presidents — Mrs. Walker and Mrs. Harris.

Secretary — Mrs. Rushton, Montreal.

Treasurer — Mrs. Henry Wilkes, 249 Mountain Street, Montreal.

Vm. NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK MISSIONAKY SOCIETY.

President— Rev. James Shipperley, Chebogue, N.S.

Secretary — Rev. Alexander McGregor, Yarmouth, N.S.

Treasurei- — James Woodrow, Esq., St. John, N.B.

General Committee — Revs. S. Sykes, I. L. Bcman, D. W. Cameron, 0. L. Ross, J. W Cox, B.A. ; Messrs. Wm. Anderson. F. Dennis, C. H. Dearborn, W. T. Sterritt, D. H. Burpee.

IX. CONGREGATIONAL FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK.

Secretary — Rev. Irving L. Bemau, St. John, N.B.

Trensurer—C. H. Dearborn, Esq., St. John, N.B.

Executive Committee— Revs. A. McGregor, J. W. Cox, B.A-. C. L. Ross, D. W.Cameron. J. Barker ; Messrs. F. Dennis, N. K. Moore, A. Barker

X. ladies' home MISSIONARY SOCIETY, NOVA SCOTIA AND NE W BRUNSWICK.

President — Mrs. 1. L. Beman, St. John, N.B.

Vice-President — Miss Jane Freeman, Milton, N.S., Mrs. J. W. Cox, Noel, N.S.

Secretary — Miss Jedidah Tupper, Milton, N.S. Treasurer — Mrs. F. Dennis, Yarmouth, N.S.

XI. NEWFOUNDLAND HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

President — Rev. David Beaton, St. John's, Newfoundland. Vi^e- President — Joseph Beer, St. John's, Newfoundland.

1 6 OFFICIAL LIST.

Treasurer — H. W. Seymour, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Secretary — W. J. Barnes, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Committee — A. Cruickshank, L. T. Chancey, J. Shepherd, T. Gale, A.Taylor, A. Northfield, J. H. Martin, C. Smith, J. Calver, E. Thomas, T. Davis, R. G. Chancey, R. Whiteley, J. Howe, J. Haddon, A. Lindstrom, W. Martin, E. Colton, L. Garland, J. Caldwell, W. Radford, W. Chancey, Henry Barnes, J. McDonald, H. Heath, R. Barnes, D. Smallwood, J. W, Tucker, George Thomas.

Auditors — Robert Barnes and John Cowan,

Xn. ladies' auxiliary missionary SOCIEIY, NEWFOUNDLAND.

President Mrs. D. Beaton, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Secretary — Mrs. M. A. Cruiekshanks, S. John's, Newfoundland. Vice-President — Miss L. T. Chancey, St. John's, Newfoundland. Treasurer — Mrs. J. H. Martin, St. John's, Newfoundland.

XUI. BOARD OP EDUCATION, NEWFOUNDLAND.

Chairman — Rev. D. Beaton, St. John's, Newfoundland. Secretary -Treasurer — H. W. Seymour, St, John's, Newfoundland. Preceptress — Miss M. Good, St. John's, Newfoundland. Associate — Miss L. Barnes, St. John's, Newfoundland.

XIV. CONGREGATIONAL PROVIDENT FUND.

Chairman — J. S. McLachlan, Esq., Montreal. Vice-Chairman — Charles Alexander, Esq., Montreal. Secretary -Treasurer — C. R. Black, Esq., 6 Lemoine Street, Montreal. Directors — Messrs. George Hague, R. C. Jamieson, H. W. Walker, Charles Cushing, P. H. Wood, C. H. Smithers, J. C. Barton.

XV. CONGREGATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY.

President — Samuel Davidson, 16Colborue St., Toronto. Vice-President — James Smith, St. Vincent Street, Toronto. Editors — Revs. J. Burton, B.D., Samuel N. Jackson, M.D. Hon Secretary -Treasurer — David Higgins, Toronto. Auditors- —WiWiSim. Freeland, and J. C. Copp.

Directors — Revs. H. D. Powis, J. Unsworth, J. Burton, B.D., Dr. Jackson ; Messrs. George Robertson, D. Williams, J. S. McLachlan.

XVI. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH AND PARSONAGE BUILDING SOCIETY.

President — J. S. McLachlan, Montreal, Vice-'President — George S. Fenwick, Kingston. Secretary — Rev. J. Burton, B.D., 129 Isabella Street, Toronto. Treasurer — Rev. Dr. Wilkes, 249 Mountain Street, Montreal. Architect — James Smith, Stanley Crescent, Toronto. Directors — Messrs. H. J. Clark, J. Barber, H. Cox, J. C. Field, M.P.P.

CENSUS RETURNS.

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20

TRAVELLERS GUIDE.

THE TRAVELLERS' GUIDE TO PLACES OF WORSHIP.

Congregational Churches in some of the Cities and Large Towns.

The churches are not selected because they are more attractive, or the luiuiBters abler thau many others not named, but on account of the former being accessible and the latter best known to strangers.

KNU-LAND AND WALES.

LONDON.

213 Congi-egational churches. City Temple, Holborn Viaduct, Eev. -J.

Parker, D.D. — Lord's Day 11 a.m., 7 p.m. :

Thursday, 12 noon. Finsbury Chapel, Bev. A. E. Harbouiii —

Lord's Day, 11 a.m., 6:30 p.m. ; Thm-sday,

7 p.m. Union Chapel, Islington. Kev. H. jUlon, D.D. !

—Lord's Day, 11 a.m. ,3 p.m. ,6:30 p.m. ; Wed- nesday, 7 p.m. Weigh House Chapel, Fish Street, Eev. Mr. '

Sanderson. Westminster Bridge Koad, Christ Ch., Rev.

Newman HaU, LL.B.— Lord's Day, 11 a.m., '

6:30 p.m. ; Weilnesday, 7 p.m. Tne Litm--

gy, revised, is road here at numiinf,' rii-rviee

on Lord's Day. Claishaiu Congi-egatioiuil Chiuch, Cialton

Sq., Eev. J. Guinness Eogers, B.A. -L.n.i's

Day, 10:15 a.m., and 6:30 p.m.: Tlims.lay.

7 p.m. Brixton Independent Church. lif\. J. 1!.

Brown, M.A.-Lurd's Day, 11 a.m.,6:3Up.in.;

Thursday, 7 p.m. CamberweL Green Chapel, Eev. C. Cle-

mance, B.A., D.D.— Lord's Day. 11 a.m..

6:30 p.m. : Thuisday, 7:30 p.m. Kingsland Cungi'egational Church, Eev. T.

Aveling, D.D.— Lord's Day, 10:45 a.m.. 6:30

p.m. ; Thiu'sday. 7 p.m.

PROVINCIAL.

Birminijhain. 11 churches. Carr's Lane Chajjel, Eev. Kobert W. Diile,

M.A., D.D. Edgbaston Chapel, Eev. W. F. Clarkson,B.A.

Bradford. VI churches. Horton Lane Cliapel. Eev J. E. Cumpbell.

D.D. Salem Chapel, Eev. T. G. Horton.

Brintol. 20 chui'ches. Highbtu-y Chapel, Rev. H. A. Thomas. M.A. Redland Park Chapel, Eev. N. B. Thomas. Arley Chapel, Eev. J. Comper Gray.

BriglUoii, II churches. Clifton Eoad Chapel. North St. Chapel, Eev. J. B. Figges, iM.A.

Cambridge, 2 churches.

Trumptrington St., Rev. M. Robertson. B.A.,

D.S.C. Victoria Eoad. Rev. W. A. Guttridge. B,A.

Oiester, i chui'ches. Gt. Broughton Chapel, Rev. R. W. Lloyd.

FleeUvood. 1 chapel. Rev. H. AW Smith.

Halifax, 8 chiu-ches. Square Chm-ch, Rev. E. MeUor, D.D. Sion Chapel, Rev. B. Dale. M.A.

Huddersfield, 6 chui-ches. HighheUl Chm-ch, Rev. R. Bruce, D.D.

Hull, 7 chm-ches. Wyclifl'e Chui-ch, Rev. James Ervine. Fish St. Chapel, Eev. H. Robjohns. B.A.

Holyhead, 3 chui-ches. Tht^ Tabeinacle. Eev. W. Griffith.

Lirerpuol, 2S churches. Great George's Street Chapel. Eev. S. Pear- son, M.A, Wavertree Chapel, Rev. E. Hassane. Oxton Ed, Birkenhead, Rev. F. Barnes, B.A.

Lfedn, 1-1 chui-ches. East Parade Chapel. Rev. B. R. Condor. M.A. : Marshall Street Chapel, Rev. \V. Currie.

LHceater, 10 chiu-ches. ' Bond Street. Eev. J. Morley^ Wright. Man-clu'sier. 35 chm-ches, C'a\ tuidisli Street Chapel, Chorlton Road, Rev, J, JMacfadyen. M.A. Itusholme Euatl, Eev, A, Thompson, M,A..

: D.D.

NortJtainptoii, i chm-ches. Doddridge Chapel, Eev. Thomas Arnold.

yottiiuihain. 11 churches. Castlegate Chapel. Eev, J, Bartlett.

Xeivc.at:tle-on.-Tyite, 3 chui-ches. St. Paul's Church, Eev, A, Beid. Shefiield, 16 churches.

Tabernacle, Rev. T. W. Holmes. .Gai-den Street, Eev. R. Stainton.

HcarboruLigh. 3 chm-ches.

South Cliffe Chm-ch, Rev. R. Balganie. Barr Chm-ch, Rev. J. Sidney Hall.

Sunderland, 6 churches.

Dimdas Sti-eet Chapel, Rev, T. Snell-

•RAVELLERS GUIDE.

21

SCOTTANI). Aberdeen, 5 churches. Behuout Street Chapel, Eev. J. Sttirk.

Dundee, 6 churches. Paninure Street Chapel, Rev. W. J. Cox. Edinhurgh and Leith, 5 churches. Augustine Chm-oh, Rev. J. Gregory, lieith Chupel, Rev. G. Allen.

iilajigow. 13 chui'ches. Elgin Place Chapel, Rev. A. Goodrich. Trinity Church, Rev. W. Pulsfora. D.l>. Eglinton St. Chapel, Rev. D. RuHsell. M.A. Park Grove Church. New City Road, Rev. John Dougliis. North Dundas Street, Rev. .Jaiiios ilorrison.

D.D., and Rev. G. Gladstone. Montrose Street, Rev. F. Ferguson, 0.1>.

IRELAND.

Dvblin, ,3 churches. York Street, Rev. T. J. Whitnier.

Kingston, 1 church. Rev. J. Ii-viue, pastor.

Limerick. 1 chm-ch. J. Munro. pastor.

Belfast. 3 churches. Donegal Street.

Coleraine, 1 church. Rev. John Kidd, pastor.

Coirickfergus, 1 church. Rev. William Graham, pastor.

Londonderry. 1 church. Rev. R. Sewell, pastor.

THE CONTINENT.

PARIS.

Cougi-ogational Church (English), 23.

Rue Royale, by the Madeline — Lords Day sei-vices, 11:30 a.m. to 7;.S0 p.m. : Thursday, 7:30 p.m. ; Rev. T. Baron Hart.

MiBsiou to the working men of Paris. Ijyons, Bourdeaux, and Boulogne-sur-Mer. Office, 147 Boulevard :\Ialeshcrbes, Paris. iifo7i- orar?/ Director. Rev. R. W. Mc .All. 23 sta- tions.

ST. PETEESBUBG.

New Isaac Street, near the Post Office. Rev.

B. T. Hall. Alexandroffsky, Rev. J. Key.

HAMBUBG.

English Reform Congregational Chiu-ch on the Johanne Bollwerk ; Rev. James Ed- wards, B.D.

Rev. G. Palmer Davies, B.A., agent of the British and Foreign Bible Society, 33 Wil-

hclm Sbrosse.

ANTWEBP.

Miiriners, Church supplies.

UNITED STATES.

Boston, 27 churches. Old South, Rev. J. M. Manning, D.D. Park Street Rev. O. L. Withrow, D.D.

Brooklyn, 1.5 chiu-ches. Plymouth Church. Henry Wai-d Beecher. Church of the Pilgrims, Rev. R. S. StoiTS. D.D.

New York City, 5 ohm'ches. Broadway Tabernacle. Rev. Wm. Taylor.

D.D. Madison Avenue, Rev. W. R. Davis.

,S'077 F'rancMco, .5 churches. First Church. Eev. Andrew Stone, D.D. Second Church, Rev. Thomas K. Noblo.

Hartford, Cojin., 9 churches. Fu-st Chm-ch, Rev. George L. Walker. Second Church. Rev. Edwin P. Parker.

New Raren, Conn., 14 churches.

First Church, Rev. Newman Smythe.

Yale College Church. Rev. Wm. S. Barbour.

Chicago, 10 churches. Fii-st Church, Rev. G. P. Goodwin. Plymouth Church, Rev. Charles Forest.

New Orleans, 4 chiu-ches. Central Chmxh, Rev. W. S. Alexander.

Portland, 9 churches. Second Parish, Rev. Chas A. Dickson. High Street, Rev. W^ H. Fenn.

Detroit, 3 churches. First Church, Rev. Z. Eddy. D.D.

St. Louis. Mo., i churches. First Trinity, Rev. D. M. Post, D.D. Pilgrim Chiirch, Rev. C. S. Goodall. D.D.

Cleveland. 9 chm-ches. First Chm-ch, Rev. H. M. Leuuig. Euclid Avenue, Rev. J. Twitchell, D.I).

Providence. Rhode Island, 6 churches. Beneficence Church, Rev. J. G. Rose, D.D. Free Chm-oh, Rev. H. H. Northrup, D.D.

Washington. D.C., 3 churches. Washington Chm-ch, Rev. J. G. Rankin, D.D.

22

CONGREGATIONAL MINISTERS IN CANADA.

CONGREGATIONAL MINISTERS IN CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND.

Adams, L. P., Fitch Bay, Que. Allworth, W. H., Paris, Ont. Baker, Thos., Hamilton, Ont. Barker, E., Listowel, Ont. Barker, Joseph, Sheffield, N.B. ♦Beaton, David, St. John's, Nfld. Black, R. K., Granby. Que. Black, J. R., B.A., Garafraxa, Ont. *Bolton, Charles E., Inverness, Que. "Bray, A. J., Montreal, Que. Brown, J., Pilot Mound, Man. Brown, R., Pilot Mound, Man. *Burgess, E. J., Valetta, Ont. Burgess, W., Valetta, Ont. Burton, J,, B.D., Toronto, Ont. Claris, W. H. A., Sarnia, Ont. *Clark, W. F., Listowel, Ont. Cornish, G., LL.D., Montreal, Que, Cox, Jacob W., B.A., Noel. N.S. Cutler, J. W., Brantford, Ont. Day, B. W., Lanark, Ont.

Morton, J., Hamilton, Ont. McColl, E. C. W., B.A., Kingston, Ont. McFadyen, .^Uan L, B..\., Montreal, Q. McGill, A., M.A., Ryckman's Cor., Ont. McGregor, Alex., Yarmouth, N.S. McGregor, Arch. F., B.A., Toronto, Ont. McGregor, Duncan, M.A., Guelph, Ont. Mcintosh, William, Melbourne, Que. McKillican, John, Danville, Que. Peacock, \V., Pleasant River, N.S. Peacock, W. M., Maxwell, Ont. Pedley, H., B.A., Cobourg, Ont. Pedley, Charles, B.A., New Durham, O. Povvis, H. D., Toronto. Ont. Pnrkis, G., Waterville, Que. Robinson, R., Wiarton, Ont Reikie, T. M., Wiarton, Ont. Roy, James, M.A., Montreal, Que. Sanderson, J. G., Danville, Que. Shipperley, James, Chebogue, N.S. Silcox, E. D., Embro, Ont.

Duff, Archibald, D.D., Sherbrooke, Que. Silcox, J. B., Winnipeg, Man.

Duff, Charles, M.A., Speedside, Ont. Ebbs, Edward, Unionville, Ont. Fenwick, K. M., Montreal, Que. Forster, J. L., B.C.L., Montreal, Que. Hall, Thomas, Kingston, Ont. Hay, William, Scotland, Ont. Hay, Robert, Warwick, Ont. Heu de Bourck, VV. H.. Quebec, Que. Hill, J. N.

Hindley, J. I., M.A., Edgar, Ont. Hughes, H., Stratford, Ont. Hunter, H, D., London, Ont. Jackson, S. N., M.D,, Kingston, Ont, James, Francis, .\ultsville, Ont. ICa3'e, A. C, Caledon, Ont. Macallum, D., St. P:imo, Ont. Mackay, R., Kingston, Ont. Malcolm, J. F.. Whitby, Ont.

Que.

Smith, W. W., Newmarket, Ont.

*Solandt, A., Inverness, Que.

Stevenson, J. F., D.D., Montreal

Sykes, S., Liverpool, N.S.

Sherman, B.B., M. A. .Sherbrooke, Que.

*Squires, John, Randon, NUd.

Saer, J. B., B.D., Wingham, Ont.

Unsworth, J., Georgetown, Ont.

Vivian, R., Frome, Ont.

Walker, W., (Indian) French Bay, Ont.

Warriner, W. H., B. A., Bowmanville,Ont.

Whitman, Jacob, Manchester, N.S.

Wild, Joseph, D.D., Toronto, Ont.

Wilkes, D.D., LL.D., Montreal, Que.

Willet, George, Cowansville, Que.

Wood, John, Ottawa, Ont.

Wright, J. C, Franklin Centre, Que.

Wetherald, W., St. Catharines, Ont.

*\Vhyte, George, Twillingate, Nfld. *Not members of the Congregational Unions in Canada.

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES IN CANADA.

23

CONGREGATIOxNAL CHURCHES IN CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND.

* Albemarle, Ont. Albion, Ont. Alton, Ont. Athol, Ont.

Beach Meadows, N.S Belleville, Ont. BowmanviUe, Ont. Brantford, Ont. Brigham, Que. Brooklyn, N.S. Burford.Ont. i'arrie, Ont. Caledon, South, Ont Chebogue, N.S. *Churchill, Ont. Cobourg, Ont. Cold Springs, Ont. Cornwallis, N.S. C^owansville, Que. Danville. Que. Douglas, Ont. Durham, Que. Eaton, Que. Economy, N.S. Embro, Ont. Erin, North, Ont. Fergus, Ont.

* Fitch Bay, Que. Forest, Ont. *Frome, Ont. P'ranklin Centre, Que, -Fortune Bay, Nfld. P'rench Bay, Ont. Garafraxa, Ont. Georgetown, Out. Granby, Que. (iuelph, Ont.

*Not connected with

* Henderson, Ont. *Humber Summit, Out.' Hamilton, Ont. Howick, Ont. Inverness, Que. Kelvin, Ont. Kincardine, Ont. Keswick Ridge, N.B. Kingston, ist., Ont. Kingston, 2nd, Ont. [.anark Village, Ont r.istowel, Ont. Liverpool, N.S. London, Ont. Maitland, N,S. Manilla, Ont. Margaree, N.S. Martintown, Ont. Melbourne, Que. Middleville, Ont. Milton, N.S. Montreal, Ziou, Que. Montreal, Emmanuel, Q. ^Montreal, Calvary, Que.

* Montreal, Wesley, Q. Moose Brook, N.S. Newmarket, i )nt. Noel, N.S.

iJhio, N.S.

Ore, ist Church, Ont. *Osprey, Ont. Ottawa, Ont. (^hven Sound, Ont. l-'ans, Ont. 'Parker, Ont. Pilot Mound, Man. Pine Grove, Ont.

the Congregational Unions.

Pleasant River, N.S. Quebec, Que. Rugby, Ont. 'Random, Nfld. Stanstead, South, Que. Sarnia, Ont. Scotland, Ont. Selmah, Lower, N.S. Sheffield, N.B. Sherbrooke, Que. Speedside, Ont. Stouffville, Ont. Stratford, Ont. St. Catharines, Ont. St. John, N.B. *St. John's, Nfld. Tilbury, Ont. Toronto, Zion, Ont. Toronto, Bond St,, Ont. Toronto, Northern, Ont. Toronto, Western, Ont. Turnberry, Ont. *Twillingate, Nfld. Unionville, Ont. Vankleek Hill, Ont. Vespra, Ont. Warwick, Zion, Ont. Warwick, Ebenezer, Ont. W^atford, Ont. Waterville, Que. Whitbv, Ont. Wiarton, Out. Winnipeg, Man. Wingham, Ont. Yarmouth, N.S. Yorkville, Ont.

24

DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS.

DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS IN CANADA.

I.—

WESTERN ASSOCIATION. MINISTERIAL SIEMBERS.

W. H. Allworth,

E. J. Burgess,

W. H. A. Claris,

C. Duff,

Wm. Hay,

J. B. Saer, B.D.,

J. R. Black, B.A.

Brantford, Bur ford, Douglas, Erabro, Eramosa,

Rev. W. Wetherald,

" Duncan McGregor, M.A.,

■■ A. McGill, M.A.,

■ H. Hughes,

" H. D. Hunter,

'■ C. Pedley. B.A.,

" Enoch Barker.

ASSOCIATE CHURCHES.

Garafraxa, Paris,

Guelph, Scotland,

Hamilton, Stratford,

Listowel, South wold,

London, Turnbury.

Rev. Duncan McGregor, M.A., Guelph,

Secretary.

II.— CENTRAL ASSOCIATION.

Rev. Joseph Unsworth,

" Robert Robinson,

" R. Bulman,

•■ J. Burton, B.D.,

" H. D. Powis,

■■ W. H. Warriner, B.A.

" A. F. McGregor, B.A.

" A. E. Kinmouth,

MEMBERS.

Rev. A. C. Kaye, " E. D. Silcox, ■■ J. I. Hindley, : ■■ E. Ebbs, • J. B. Silcox, •• R. Hay. ■ W. W. Smith.

Alton,

Bowmanville, Church Hill, Edgar, Georgetown,

ASSOCIATE CHURCHES. Manilla, Newmarket, Pine Grove, Rugbv, Stouffville,

Toronto, (Zion) Toronto, (Northern) Toronto, (Western) Humber Summit, Unionville.

Rev. J. I. Hindley, M.A., Edgar, Ont.,

Secretary.

III.— EASTERN ASSOCIATION.

Rev. S. N. Jackson, M.D.,

" Thomas Hall,

" W. M. Peacock,

" R. Brown,

" R. Mackay,

MEMBERS.

Rev. D. Macallum, •■ J. Wood, " Hugh Pedley, B.A., " B. W. Day.

Rev. R. Mackay, Kingston.

Secretary.

DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS. 25

IV.— ST. FRANCIS ASSOCIATION.

MEMBERS.

Rev. A. Duff, D.D., Rev. George Purkis,

" L. P. Adams, " John McKillican,

" J, G. Sanderson. " William Mcintosh

Rev. R. K. Black.

Rev. Archibald Duff, D.D.. Sherbrooke,

Secretary.

v.— QUEENS COUNTY ASSOCIATION.

ASSOCIATE CHURCHES. Liverpool, Ohio,

Milton, Pleasant River,

Brooklvn and Beach Meadow.

VI.— MINAS BASIN ASSOCIATION.

MEMBERS.

Rev J. Cox, B.A., Rev. E. Barker,

Rev. E. Rose.

ASSOCIATE CHUBCHES.

Economy, Selmah,

Cornwallis, Moose Brook,

Noel, Maitland,

South Maitland.

A. K. Moore, Economy, N.S.,

Secretary.

eJ^giLj

*^^

26

CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

I. BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

In Canada and Newfoundland there are two Congrej^-ational Unions, six Associations, 117 churches, 51 preaching stations, with about seven thousand five hundred members, as follows :

Provinces. Churches.

Manitoba 2 .

Ontario 72 .

Quebec 19

Nova Scotia 17 .

New Brunswick .... 3

Newfoundland 4

Labrador 2

Stations.

3 29

Ministers.

3

50

19

8

M ember i.

72

4.504

1,421

1,206

200

290

II. ENGLAND.

In England there are 36 County and District Associations, sometimes called Unions, 2,298 churches and branch churches, with 899 preaching stations. Besides these there are 899 mission stations. Of these churches 38 are returned as having lay pastors, and 164 are vacant. There are in England and Wales 2,571 ministers, of which number 571 are without churches, and 130 evangelists. No statistics of membership are given in the English returns.

Associations.

Bedfordshire

Berkshire

Buckinghamshire . . Cambridgeshire. . . .

Cheshire

Cornwall

Cumberland,

Derbyshire

Devonshire

Dorsetshire

Durham

Essex

Gloucestershire. . . .

Hampshire

Hertfordshire .... Huntingdonshire... .

Kent

London

Lancashire

Leicestershire ....

Lincolnshire

Monmouth ........

Norfolk

Northamptonshire Nottinghamshire . , Shropshire 1796

Formed. 1797 1796 1818 1875 t8o6 1802

1S35 1815

1785 1795 1822 1798 1811 1781 1878 1861 1791

I Sob 1832 1844 1S23 1814 r8i2 1829

32 69 30 49

85 53 3^^

71

250

228

26

29

Branch Churches.

41 127 hS

«5 377 237

20

-4 27

30 23 29

CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

27

Branch

Mission

Associatimi-a.

Fitrmed.

Chu relies Churches.

Statimvi.

MiniHter

Somerset

1796 .

... 45

I . .

■ 38

Staffordshire S

1814 .

... 28 ...

10 . .

8 ..

27

Staffordshire N....

1793 •

. . . 23 ...

4 • •

19

Suffolk

1847 .

... 47

2

61 ..

49

1863 .

... 80 ...

29 ..

f> . .

119

Sussex

1849 .

... 41

4 ••

32 ..

59

Warwickshire

1859 •

... 53

3 ••

27 . .

59

Worcestershire . . .

1828 .

... 15

Ih . .

14

Wilts & Somerset.

J 796 .

... 60 ...

14 ..

43

Yorkshire

1S73 ■

. . . 222

7 ■•

.- 36 ..

221

III. WALES. There are 16 Associations, 876 churches and branch churches, and 65 preaching- stations. Of tliese 125 are vacant, and 87 are Enghsh. There are 519 ministers, of whom 456 are pastors, and 63 are without charges.

Associatinnn.

.\nglesea

Breconshire .... Carnarvonshire Cardiganshire . . Camarthenshire Denbighshire . .

Flintshire

Glamorganshire

Enc

Merionethshire .... Montgomeryshire . . Monmouthshire .... Nh. Wales, English. .

Pembrokeshire

South Radnorshire

Mission Stations.

ish

1800 1862

i87o

[868 [862

1820 1876 1828

IV.

SCOTLAND.

There are in Scotland 108 Congregational churches, of which 15 are vacant. In Aberdeen there are 6, Dundee 6, Edinburgh 6, Glasgow 12, Highlands 4, Orkney Isles 3, and Shetland Islands 9. There are 117 ministers, of whom 29 are without pastoral charge. The two oldest churches, Thurso and Aberfeld}', were formed in 1790.

V. IRELAND.

In Ireland tliere are 31 Congregational churches, 4 of which are vacant. In Antrim there are 8, and of these 3 are in Bel- fast, Armagh 2, Cork 3, Donegal 2, Down i, Dublin 4, Gal- way I, Limerick i, Londonderry 3, Oueenstown i, Sligo i,and Tyrone 3. The oldest is in Cork, and was formed in 1760. Besides these churches there are about 108 out-stations, and 36 evangelistic stations. There are 20 ministers ; 17 in pastoral charge, and 3 without churches.

VI. CHANNEL ISLANDS.

In the Islands of the British Seas there are 12 Congregational

28 CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

churches — i vacant ; with but two exceptions, these are French. In Jersey there are 8, and in Guernsey 6. The oldest is St. Saviour's, Guernsey, and was formed in 1803. There are 6 ministers, all but one in charge of churches.

VII. AUSTRALIA.

There are six Congreg-ational Unions, 180 churches, of which II are vacant; and 154 preaching stations. There are 147 ministers, of whom 32 are without pastoral charges, and ig evangelists.

Unioiv<. Ch rirches.

Victoria 51

New South Vv ales 40

Queensland ig

South Australia 30

Western Australia 3

Tasmania 18

VIII. NEW ZEALAND.

New Zealand has two Congregational Unions, the Auckland and the South, embracing 25 churches, of which 4 are vacant. There are 19 ministers, 7 without pastoral charge, and one evangelist.

I'rovhvce. Churches. Ministers.

Auckland g .... 7

Wellington 2 .... 3

Canterbury 6 .... 4

•itntioni:.

Minist

21

45

23

. 46

22

15

35

q

3

30

16

Nelson

Otago 7

IX. THE CONTINENT.

There are Congregational churches in France, Russia, Ger- many, and Belgium. In connection with the Mission to the working men, under Rev. R. W. McAll, there are in Paris, 24 stations, in Lyons 5, and in Bordeaux 32. The Free Italian church is chiefly Congregational in principles.

X. AFRICA.

The Congregational churches in Africa are grouped under those of Natal, of the Union of South Africa and in Cape Colony. The latter are not included in the following list for the reason that they are not self-sustaining.

Province. Chvrches. Btatimis. Ministers.

Natal 2 II II

South Africa 31 30

XI. WEST INDIES. The Jamaica Congregational Union formed in 1877 includes 10 churches, with which are connected about six thousand ad- herents, 23 out-stations, and 18 day schools. There are 8 min- isters, and 20 lay preachers.

CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS. 29

XII. BRITISH GUIANA^

Congregational churches in Denierara i6, ministers 7 ; Esse- quibo 5, ministers 2 : Berl)ice 12, ministers 5. Total churches 37 : ministers 1 5.

XIII. INDIA.

There are 11 self-sustaining churches, 9 aided by the London Missionary Society, and 17 native churches.

XI\'. CHINA.

In the Chinese Empire there are, indejjendent of the London Missionary Society, two Congregational churches, one at Hong Kong, and the other at Shanghai, each having pastors.

XV. MADAfiASCAK.

There are in Madagascar a Congregational Union ; 1,142 churches ; 70,000 members, wath more than a quarter of a million of adherents ; 8go schools, with 50,000 scholars ; and a training college, which has sent out about 150 evangelists.

X\T. UNITED ST.\TES.

The total number of Cougregational churches in the United States is 3,804, an increase on last year of 59 : the number of ministers is 3,713, an increase of 136 ; ministers not engaged in pastoral work, 1,165; number of church members, 381,697; additions during the year by profession, 11,311; by letter, 11,235; total, 22,546. Number in Sunday Schools, 447,413, an increase of 2,785. There are 2,964 churches which report benevolent contributions of §1,227,108.24. and a home expen- diture of $5,700,000.

Associations. I'oiined. Churclitif. MiitUters. Members.

Alabama 1870 .... 15 .... 10 .... 920

.\rizona 1 88(.> .... 2 .... i .... .22

Arkansas 3 882 .... 2 .... j .... 81

Calilornia 1857 86 78 5.186

Colorado 186S .... 27 .... 29 .... 1,081

(Connecticut lyi^y ••.• 297 .... 376 .... 55,202

Dakota 1871 .... 50 .... 36 .... 1,006

District Columbia 4 .... i6 .... 892

Florida .... 2 .... 2 78

Georgia 1878 .... 12 .... 11 .... 913

Illinois 1S44 .... 246 .... 249 .... 22,842

Indiana 1858 .... 31 .... 22 .... 1,612

Indian Ter .... 4 .... 2 .... 80

Iowa 1840 .... 236 .... 196 .... 15,365

Kansas 1855 .... 197 .... 140 5,885

Kentucky i 3 86

Louisiana 1870 .... 19 .... 17 .... 1,543

Maine 1826 .... 238 .... 205 .... 22,081

Maryland .... 2 .... i 222

Massachusetts 1S03 528 6ii 89,962

Michigan 1842 249 230 17.137

Minnesota 1856 .... 145 .... 116 .... 7,055

M ississippi ' .... 5 .... 2 .... 151

Missouri.. ., 1868 .... 72 .... 62 .... 3,9.53

30 CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

Axaociations. Farmed. ChurcheK. Ministers.

Nebraska 1857 .... 135 85

Nevada .... i .... i

New Hampshire. .. . 1809 .... 188 .... 194

New Jersey 1867 .... 25 .... 34

New Mexico 1882 .... 3 4

New York 1S34 .... 253 261

North Carolina .... 6 .... 6

Ohio 1852 214 182

Oregon 1848 14 16

Pennsylvania .... 27 33

Rhode Island i8og .... 27 .... 40

South Carolina .... 2 .... 3

Tennessee 1871 .... 5- .... 9

Texas 1871 .... 9 10

Utah 2 .... 3

Vermont 1796 197 199

Virginia 3 4

Washington Ter 23 14

West Virginia 3 3

Wisconsin 1840 .... 194 .... 184

Wyoming .... 3 .... 4

Meinbers.

■■ 3.632

28

• 20,157

• 3.254

31 ■ 35.253

396 . 23,209

889 . 2,036

• 5.422

182 417 222 172

• 19.951

314 384 126

• 13.315

153

XVII, SANDWICH ISLANDS,

In the Sandwich Islands there 49 ministers, and 57 Con- gregational churches, with a membership of 7,457. The Theo- logical Institute at Honolulu educates ministers for both the home and the foreign tield. In 1880 these churches gave $4,428 for Foreign Missions, and for all purposes $27,642.

XVIU

FOREIGN MISSIONS.

The Londun Missionary Society's income for 1881 was $542,235, and the expenditure $540,060. Number of native adherents reported, 343,708 ; local contributions, $69,585. The sphere and extent of operations are indicated as follows :

. China 9

9

2. North India

3. South India

4. Travancore

5. Madagascar

6. Alrica ,

7. West Indies

8. Polynesia .

Out Stations.

English. Native.

21 54 15 23

22 62 8 174

27 4,198

22 31

Total.

.63S

21 476 139 5.044

Member.

2,442 456 8go

3.655 7i.5«5

1,284

2,601

92,474

665

4,019

4.792

9.567

43,968

632

1,644

12,669

77.956

The American Board of Commissioners fur Foreign Missions for the 3'ear ending September, 1881, report receipts, $691,245, expenditure, $693,304 ; permanent funds. $188,555. ^f the 413 American Missionaries, 16 are physicians and 252 assistant missionaries; these, with the native* assistants, occupy 812 stations and out-.stations. Among the schools there are 51

congrectATional statistics.

training and theoloj^ical schot^ls and 791 cor The followinj^ are the tields and their returns :

Fields. M isa iona r

Western India .... .13

Ceylon lO

Western Turkey . . 68

Southern India. ... z^

Eastern Turkey . . 40

Dakota Indians .. lO

Zulu, S. E. .Vfrica.. 29

Fouchow, S. China. Xj

Central Turkey .... 29

Micronesia 19

Northern China . . 41

Japan 43

European Turkey . . 26

Spain 5

Western Mexico . . 2

.\ustria 6

Central Africa .... 7

173 172 219

ay-'

31

inion schools.

lembe,-^.

IScholars.

1.340 .

. 1,408

972 .

8,981

1,796 .

. 4.986

2,591

4,261

1.897 ■

• 5.308

615 .

255

646

1,097

215 •

172

2,880

■ 3.652

3.461 .

1,970

682

152

722

267

188 .

454

-^3

210

173 •

66

55 ■

94

Total 41.

33.360

) '•7^7 272 18,448

The Aiiierican Missionary Association conducts missionary operations both in the foreign field and at home among" the Freedmen of the South, the Indians and tlie Chinese. It con- ducts yy educational institutions. The educational work in the South embraces 8 universities or colleges, 11 other institutions, and 35 common schools. Total receipts for the ^■ear ending September, 1881, $358,360 ; expenditure, $244,060. The work of the association is classified as follows :

Field-t:. Misfiionn rien.

Freedmen 89

Indians i

.\fricans 8

Chinese

pers.

CiLlirrhrs.

Mt' III hers.

Hc)wlars.

30

78 I

•• 5,472 35

.. 9,108 .. 156

5 28

3

90

130 1,632

Sotal 98

271

5.597

11,026

XIX. SUMMARY.

The following" table indicates the actual returns made by the various Congregational Associations and Missionary Societies, and in no case is an approximation made. They are very in- complete in their totals for the reason that in some there are no returns made. The number of adherents in so far as they can lie obtained are as follows : England and Wales, 962,100 ; United States, 800,000 ; London Missionary Society, 339,898 ; .Vmerican Board, not gi^'en ; Canada, 12,992 : Australia, not given : Ireland, not given ; Scotland, not given.

These returns in so far as g"i\'en make a total of 2,114,990 adherents to the Congregational churches. This, however, is only a part of those actually attending Congregational churches,

32 CONGREGATIONAL STATISTICS.

and a very small part of those adhering to Congregational principles. For of the eighty-two millions who comprise the religious denominations of the English speaking world, only thirty-two millions are Episcopalian, Protestant, and Roman Catholic ; twenty-live millions are Presbyterians, including the Methodists ; this leaves tweniy-jive millions as varieties of Con- gregationalists. The following is the table compiled in 1881 :

Ordained Other Preachers

Ministers, atul Teachers. Churches. Staticyns. Members.

85 .... 89 .... 59 -•■• 32

Coimtrief

Africa

Australia

Austria

Canada

Ceylon

Channel Islands

China

England

France

Germany

Ireland

India

N. A. Indians. . . .

Japan

Madagascar .... Micromesia ....

Mexico

New Zealand. . . . Newfoundland . .

Polynesia

Russia

Scotland

Sandwich Islands

Spain

Travancore ....

Turkey 153

United States . . 3,577

Wales 500

West Indies .... 19

[46

16

6

84

2,046

4

3

20

103

20

45 86 18

2 17

4 292

3 121

49

4

Total

7.5^1

89 16

7

174

119 158

529 21

47 3.907

35 5 I

172 539

5.941

59 180

123

13

13

36

2,223

3

2

30 77 9 16 1,142 40

106

56

3

6

94

3.745

874

38

8,927

[54

992

3.694 313-807

4.909 657

514

70,128

2,904

173

290 10,700

7.657 190

3.351

6,594 384.382 In Eng. ret

810,859

CONGREGATIONAL UNIONS. ^3

CONGREGATIONAL UNIONS.

1. Congregational Union of Ontario and Quebec. — Organized in 1853, by the amalgamation of the Unions of Upper and Lower Canada. The next meeting will be held in London, Ontario, June 6th, 1883. Chairman for 1882, George Hague, Esq., Montreal; Chairman for 1883, Rev. Charles Duff, M.A., Speedside, Ont. ; Statistical Secretary, Rev. W. H. Warriner, Bowmanville, Ont. ; Secretary, Rev. J. Wood, Ottawa, Ont.

2. Congregational Union of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. — Organ- ized in 1S47. The next meeting will be held in Sheffield, N.B. ; Chairman, Rev. J. Shipperley, Chebogue, N.S.; Treasurer, James Woodrow, St. John, N.B. ; Secretary, Rev. J. Barker, Sheffield, N.B.; Statistical Secretary, Rev. Jacob Cox, B.A., Noel, N.S.

II. GEEAT BEITAXN.

1. Congregational Union of England and Wales. — Formed in 1838. Chairman for 1882, Rev. A. Macfadyen, M.A., Manchester ; Chairman for 1883, Rev. Dr. Fairbairn, Bradford ; Secretary, Rev. Alexander Hannay, D.D., Memo- rial Hall, Farringdon Street, London, E.G.

2. Congregational Union of London. — Secretary, Rev. Andrew Mearns, Memorial Hall.

3. The Union of Welsh Independents. — Formed in 1872 ; embraces min- isters, deacons, and delegates from the churches, and from the quarterly meet- ings. Chairman, Rev. E. Stephens, Tenymarion ; Secretary, Rev. J. Miles, Aberystwith.

4. Congregational Union of Scotland.— Organized in 1812; it is compos- ed ot ministers and delegates from the churches, one delegate from each church numbering less than 200, and two for those numbering more. Secretary, Rev. James Ross, Montrose.

5. Congregational Union of Ireland. — Organized m 1829, Chairman, Rev. f. Kidd, Coleraine; Secretary, S. S. VVhitmer, Dublin.

6. The Channel Islands. — Secretary, Rev. Philip Binet, B.A , Jersey.

ni. AUSTRALASIA.

1. Congregational Union of Victoria. — Chairman, Rev. T James, Mel- bourne; Secretary, Rev. J. J. Halley, Williamstown.

2. Congregational Union of New South Wales. — Chairman, Rev. J. T. Harlow Davis, M.A. ; Secretary, Rev. G. G. Howden, Sydney.

3. Congregational Union of Queensland. — Chairman, Rev. F. H. Brown, Ipswitch ; Secretary, Rev. F. Griffith, Brisbane.

4. Congregational Union of South Australia. — Chairman, Rev. O. Copland ; Secretary, Rev. F. Searle,

5. Congregational Union of Western Australia. — Rev. J. Johnston, Fremouth.

6. Congregational Union of Tasmania. — Chairman, Rev. W.Law, Launces- ton ; Seeretary, Rev. W. C. Robinson, Hobart Town.

34 CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES.

rV. NEW ZEALAND. Auckland Congregational Union. — This Union was established in 1863. Secretary, Mr. W. H. Lyon, Auckland.

V. APEICA. Congregational Union of South Africa.— Chairman, Rev. W. B. Phillip, B.A,, Grahamstown; Secretary, Rev. J. C. Mackintosh, Port Elizabeth. VI. WEST INDIES. CoNGREGATioAAL Union OF JAMAICA. — Formed in 1877. Secretary, Rev. C. A. Workey, Modeville.

VII. THE UNITED STATES. I. The National Council of Congregational Churches of the United States. — Organized 1871 ; meets every third year. Rev. Henry M. Dexter. Boston, Moderator; Rev, A. H. Quint, D.D., Boston, Mass., Secretary. Vni. MADAGASCAE. There is a Congregational Union in this kingdom, but the list of officers is not at hand.

CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES.

I. CANADA.

1. Canada Congregatio.nal Missionary Society. — Formed in 1853 by the union of societies previously existing in Upper and Lower Canada. Object, to plant new churches and sustain those that are weak in the Provinces. Adminis- tration by a General Committee working through an Executive, and the Local Missionary Committees lu tne various missionary districts. Every subscriber of one dollar is a member of the Society, and the annual meeting is held in connec- tion with the (Congregational Union. The Colonial Society gives aid by adding twenty per cent, to the amount the Canadian churches raise. Income for 1861-2, including the Manitoba Mission, from churches, $2,569.69, from Colonial Socie- ty |i. 002. 75, total #3,142.68, Expenditura #3,410.19. Officers: Rev. H. Wilkes, D.D., LL.D., 'i^lonnez.l, General Secretary-Treasurer ; Rev. S. N. Jackson, M.D., Kingston, Home Secretary.

2. Canada Congregational Indian Missionary Society. — Instituted in i860, the work having previously been carried on for ten years by other Congre- gational agencies. Object, to spread the Gospel among the Aborigines of Ca- nada. Managed by a Board (jf Directors annually elected at a meeting held sim- ultaneously with the Congregational Union. Income for 1881-82 $1,158.86. Ex- penditure 1655.51. Rev. A. L. AlcGrcgor, 62 Grange Ave., Toronto, Unt., Secre- tary.

3. The (Canada CoNGRECArio.NAL Foreign Missionary Society. — Organized in 1881 by the appointment of a Provisional Board. Rev. Thomas Hall, King- ston, Secretary.

4. Congregational Pkoviue.nt Fu.nd. — Established in 1856 as a Widows' and Orphans' Society, in 1873 the Pastors' Retiring Branch was added and the name given as above. Ministers received as Beneficiary Members by paying an annual sum into the various branches on a scale according to age. Widows of deceased members receive an annuity of #100, and tor children, sons under 16 and daughters under 18, #20, but the youngest child $40. Superannuated minis- ters receive t'loo a year tor lite. Capital invested, #23,875. Income for 1S81-2, #3426.63. Expenditure, #3.276. Annuitants, eleven ; annuities, #620. C. R. Black, Montreal, Secretary.

5. The Canada Congregational Church and Parsonage Building Society. — Organized 1881. No funds to be appropriated until a capital of #10,000 is secured. Rev. J. Burton, 125 Isabella Street, Secretary. Rev. Dr. Wilkes, Treasurer,

CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES. 35

6. Congregational Publishing Company.— Incorporated in 1874 to take the place of the proprietary having in charge the publication of the Canadian- Inde- pendent. Composed of stockholders of five dollar shares. Publications, Cana- dian Independent and Congregational Year Book. D. Higgins, Toronto, Hon. Secretary-Treasurer.

7. Labrador Mission. — Organized in 1859 to conduct Missionary operations on the Coast of Labrador. Managed by a committee of ladies in Montreal. The Newfoundland Missionary Society appoints and superintends the mission- aries. Receipts for 1881. $659; expenditure $660. Mrs. Rushton, Montreal, Secretary. Mrs. B. Wilkes, Montreal, Treasurer.

8. Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Home Missionary Society. — Object, to aid weak Congregational Churches and open new fields. Conducted in con- nection with the Congregational Union of these Provinces. The receipts for 18S0-81, ^1,291.37; expenditure 11,264.20. Rev. Alexander McGregor, Yar- mouth, N.S., Secretary.

9. Newfoundland Home Missionary Society and Educational Board. — Object, to carry on Missionary work, train teachers for schools, and spread edu- cation in the Colony. W. T. Barnes, Secretary.

II ENGLAND.

1. The London Missionary Society. — Formed in 1795 on a catholic basis to spread the knowledge of Christ among the heathen and other unenlightened nations. It sustains missions in China, India, South Africa, Central Africa, Madagascar, the West Indies, Polynesia and New Guiana. For facts see Congre- gational statistics, section xviii. Receipts for the year ending May, 1882, $564,949; expenditure, $558,519. Rev. Robert Robinson, Mission House, 14 Bloomfield, St., London Wall, E.G., Secretary.

2. Colonial Missionary Society. — Established in 1836 to promote evangeli- cal religion in the Colonies and dependencies of Great Britain, according to the doctrine and discipline of the Congregational churches. This is done by sending out ministers, sustaining those in the fields, and by aid in training a Colonial Ministry. Receipts for the year ending May, 1881, ^15,015 ; expenditure 3i6,22o. Rev. W. S. H. Fielden, Memorial Hall, Farringdon London, E.G., Secretary.

3. Congregational Church Aid and Home Missionary Society. — Orga- nized in 1878 by the union of the Home Missionary Society, formed in 1819, and the several County Missionary Associations. Object, to plant and foster new churches, to aid weak churches and to provide for the preaching of the Gospel, and other evangelistic work in destitute places throughout England and with the English speaking population of Wales. Income for the year ending May, 1882. §211,799; expenditure $203,900. Rev. E. J. Hartland, Secretary.

4. The Irish Evangelical Society. — Originating in 1814; its object is to promote the preaching of the Gospel in Ireland by aiding Congregational pastors, supporting missionaries, itinerant preachers and scripture readers throughout the four Provinces. Receipts for the j-ear, 114,565 ; expenditure $13,555. ^^ev. W.W. Jubb, Memorial Hall, Secretary.

5. Evangelical Continental Society. — Established in 1845, to assist and encourage Evangelical Societies on the continent in their endeavours to propa- gate the Gospel. Income, $17,632; expenditure $18,152. Rev. R. T. Ashton, B.A., 13, Blomfield St., London Wall, E.G., Secretary.

6. The London Congregational Chapel Bi'ilding Society. — Established in 1848 to promote the erection of Congregational churches in the metropolis. It has erected on an average four buildings per year since its commencement. Income last year, $20,580 ; expenditure $18,175. ^r. John T. Beighton, 13 Blom- field St., London Wall, E.G., Secretary.

7. English Congregational Chapel Building Society.— Formed in 1853 to aid in building Congregational churches and manses in lingland, Wales, the Channel Islands, and by special contributions Ireland and the Colonies. In its

36 CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES.

work done it numbers 596 improved places of worship, meeting the needs of about half a million people, and 12 manses. Income in 1880, ^56,520; expendi- ture ^23,210. Rev. J. C. Galloway, Memorial Hall, Farringdon St., London, E.C., Secretary.

8. L.\NCASHIRE .\-\D CHESHIRE ChAPEL ANO ScHOOL BuILDING SoCIETY. —

Formed in 1868 this Society promotes the erection or purchase of buildings as above in the counties named. A lund of 81150,000 is being raised with a view to the erection of fifty new buildmgs within the next five years.

9. Liverpool Congregational Chapel Building Society. — Organized in 1872 for Liverpool and vicinity. Amount e.xpended, over $300,000; loan fund, lio.ooo. Rev, George Lord, Secretary.

10. Pastors' Retiring Fund. — Founded in iSoo, to facilitate the retirement of aged and infirm Congregational pastors. Upwards of ^250, 000 has been distri- buted to about 250 ministers. Capital invested, 1535,000 ; annuitants, 126 ; annuities, $24,445. l^^v. E. T. Verrall, Memorial Hall. Secretary.

11. Pastors' Widows' Fund. — Organized in 1871 to provide annuities to the widows of Congregational pastors in England and Wales. Life membership is secured by payment of twenty guineas, or not less than two guineas annually. Capital invested, $90,000 ; annuitants, 35 ; annuities, $4,570. Rev. T. R, Verrall, B.A., Memorial Flail, Secretary.

12. Congregational Committee for the Abolition of State Regulation OF Vice. — Object, to seek by such methods as may be deemed expedient the total and unconditional repeal of those Acts of Parliament at present in existence which are immoral in principle, and constitute the State a protector and patron of vice, especially the Contagious Diseases Acts, and to oppose any extension of those or kindred Acts in any part of the British Empire. Rev. J. P. Gledstone, Walton House, Trinity Road,. False-hill, S.VV., Secretary.

13. Congregational Board. — Formed in 1772 to co-opierate with similar Boards of the Presbyterian and Baptist denominations in promoting fraternal intercourse, and to take cognizance of all public questions affecting the inter- ests oi the denomination, and of religion in general. Rev, John Nunn, 6 Mait- land-park-villas, Haverstock Hill, N.W., Secretary.

III. SCOTLAND.

1. Congregational Union of Scotland. — Sustains to the church and the work the relationship of a Missionary Society. Its affairs are managed by a General Committee and by four District Committees, Income, $7,813 ; expendi- ture $7,955. Rev. James Ross, Montrose, Secretary.

2. Ministers' Provident Fund. — Established in 1859 to secure for pastors in connection with the Union, on their being disabled for ministerial duty, an an- nuity of $200 or more as the funds allow. Capital realized, $42,500; annuitants, 14. J. McFarlane, Glenbourne, Oswald-Road, Edinburgh, Secretary.

3. Ministers' Widows' Fund. — Formed in 1820 to provide for the widows and children of deceased Congregational ministers in Scotland. Admission of benefi- ciaries|on payment of two guineas with annual subscription of one guinea. The widow or family of a deceased minister, until the youngest child is 14 years of age, is entitled to receive $50 per annum. Capital, $42,700, Rev, W. J. Cox, Dundee, Secretary.

4. Chapel Building Society. — For the promotion of the purchase, erection and improvement of Congregational churches in Scotland, and to provide for the extinction of chapel debts. Income, $943 ; capital $11,500. John Livingstone, Glasgow, Secretary.

5. Congregational Total Abstinence Society. — Organized in 1866 to promote the principles of Total Abstinence among the churches. Rev. James McLean, 5 Rodnor Terrace, Glasgow, W., Secretary.

6. Congregational Conference, — Organized in 1872 to promote fraternal

CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES. 37

intercourse, to elucidate the scriptural authority of Congregational principles and their application, to apply them in the relation of Religion and the State, and t© consider social questions. Rev, J. Troup, Hellensburgh, Secretary.

IV. lEBLAND.

1. The CoNGREGAnoMAL Unio.n of Ireland is the denominational Missionary Society of the country, and is organized to promote its evangelization. Rev. S. J. VVhitmee, Dublin, Secretary.

2. Provident Fund. — Organized in iS66 to provide annuities for retiring pastors and for the widows and children of deceased Congregational ministers. Entrance fee I40; an annual subscription of ^10. Amount paid annually to dis- abled ministers, or to widows, or to the children rif no widow) till they reach 14 years of age, ^200. Amount invested |i6,ooo. S. Hicklin, 56 ("liftonville Ave., Belfast, Secretary.

V. AUSTEALIA.

1. Victoria Congregational Mission. — To form and aid Congregational churches in the Province, and for maintenance and enlargement of religious lib- erty, rights and privileges. Income in 1880, 86,980; expenditure ^7,300. Rev. }. Halley, Williamstown, Secretary.

2. Victoria Building Association. — Object, to build and repair Congrega- tional churches, Sunday schools and parsonages, and remove debts. Capital, §17,180. Rev. E. Day, Melbourne, Secretary.

3. New South Wales Church Extension Society. — Income for 1880, $4,120. Assistance rendered to twelve churches, and five new churches com- menced. Rev. W. Bradley, Worlahia, Secretary.

4. Ministers' Retiring Fund for New South Wales. — Income, 12,495.

5. Home Mission of South Australia. — Rev. F. W. Cox, Adelaide, Secretary.

6. Provident Society for Victoria. — To give a pension to all ministers, being members, on attaining the age of sixty, to afford relief to members in case of need, and also to their widows and children. Capital, 121,470. James Port, Secretary.

7. Chapel Building Society for South Australia. — Amount of capital, $10,000.

8. Provident Association for South Australia. — Capital, $5,911. David Robins, Secretary.

g. Mission of Tasmania in association with the Congregational Union for Home Mission purposes. Rev. W. C. Robinson, Hobart Town, Secretary.

10. Tasmania Provident Fund. — Object, to aid ministers who, through sick- ness or age, are not htte Ifor public work. Capital, Sg.ooo,

11. .\uckland, New Zealand. — Home Missionary Society a.ssociated with the Congregational Union, established in 1863. W. H. Lyon, Secretary.

VI. UNITED STATES, r. American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. — Organized in rSio on a catholic basis for Foreign Mission work. For facts see Congrega- tional statistics, section xviii. Income, $613,539 ; expenditure, $627,861. Revs. N. G. Clark, D.D., E. K. Alden, D.D.. J. O. Meares, D.D., Secretaries, Congre- gational House. Boston, Mass. Langdon S. Ward, Treasurer.

2. Woman's Boards. — There are three of these, all auxiliaries to the A. B. C. F. M. One for the East in Boston, one for the Interior in Chicago, and one for the Pacific in California.

3. American Missionary Association. — Organized in 1846, and devoted now specially to work among the Freedmen in the South, the Indians and Chinese on this continent. It also promotes missionary enterprise in Africa. For particulars

38 CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETIES.

see Congregational statistics, section xviii. ; income, 1358,360 ; disbursements, $244,060 ; Rev. M. E. Strieby, D.D., 56 Reade St., New York City, Secretary.

4. The American Congregational Union, — Founded in 1853; it has for its object tlie erection of houses of worship and parsonages, through grants and loans. It has aided in the erection of 119 1 houses of worship, and a very small number of parsonages. It has expended $1,007,442. Receipts for year ending April 30, 1882, 151,322.28. An urgent call has been issued for ?»ioo,ooo this year. Rev. L. H. Cobb, D.D., 59 Bible House, New York, Secretary.

5. American Home Missionary Society. — Organized in 1826 on a catholic basis, it is the recognized Congregational Missionary Society in the United States. The total receipts for the fifty-six years is ?g, 371, 414 in cash, and in clothing and books $1,359,000 — in all $11,730,414 ; the total of years of labor is 36,005 ; num- ber of churches organized 4,259 ; number of additions to the churches 303,732. During the year ending April, 1882, 106 churches were formed, 1,070 missionaries were employed in 38 States and Territories, and 6,032 additions have been made to the missionary churches. The missionaries of this Society have under them over 2,000 Sunday schools and over 100,000 Sunday school scholars. Monthly circulation of the TAe Ho;m£ Missionary 25,000 copies. Secretaries, Rev. H. M. Storrs, D.D., and Rev. Walter M. Barrows. Honorary Secretary, Rev. D. B. Coe, D.D. Treasiirer, Rev. A. H. Clapp, D.D. Bible Home. New York City.

6. Congregational Publishing Society. — Organized in 1832 to print, publish and circulate literature relating to a genuine Christian experience ; aid in enter- prises of Christian activity and support the Congregational faith and polity. The Publishing House is in Boston, Mass. The Pilgrim Quarterly, Pilgrim Monthly and Little Pilgrim Lesson Papers are published in connection with the International Sunday School Lessons. Income for the year ending April, 1881, $91,363.73 ; net profits, $2,443.03. Rev. Mortimer Blake, Secretary, Taunton, Mass. Rev. A. E. Dunning, S.S. Secretary, Congregational House, Boston, Mass.

7. Congregational Educational Societies. — There are two of these societies, and both are designed to assist in Ministerial Education. The Ameri- can College and Education Society was formed in 1874 by the union of two pre- vious Societies formed in the years 1816 and 1843. The number of young men aided in their studies for the Ministry since 1816 is 6,902, and the number now receiving assistance is not far from 2S5. Income for the year ending April 30, 1882, $92,815.13 ; expenditure, $89,647.82. Rev. Increase N. Tarbox, Secretary. The Western Educational Society was organized in 1864. R.^v. E. F. Williams, Chicago, 111., Secretary.

8. American Congregational Association. — Founded in 1853 for the pur- pose of erecting in Boston a Congregational House, or headquarters for all our Congregational benevolent societies having offices in Boston ; also a fire-proof Library building, in which to gather and preserve everything which will state and illustrate the principles, polity and history of the Congregational churches. There are 29,219 volumes and over 128,000 pamphlets now in the Library. Rev. Isaac Langworth, Boston, Mass., Cor. Sec. and Librarian.

9. The New West Education Commission. — Incorporated Nov. 3rd, 1879, to promote Christian civilization in Utah and adjacent States and Territories, by the education of children and youths under Christian teachers, and also by the use of such kindred agencies as may be at any time desirable. During the year 1881-82 it expended $35,000, sustained five academies and eleven other schools, with twenty-nine teachers and over twelve hundred pupils. Its sphere of opera- tions is chiefly Utah and New Mexico. Its central office is in the city of Chi- cago, 112, W. Washington St. Col. Charles G. Flammond, Treasurer ; Rev. Charles R. Bliss, Secretary.

10. The Women's Home Missionary Association. — Organized Feb. 26th, 1880, for the prosecution of Home Missionary work. It has missionaries in Utah, the South and New Mexico! There are forty-one auxiliaries organized. Miss Mary M. Topliff. Boston, Mass., Secretary.

CONGREGATIONAL THEOLOGICAL COLLEGES.

39

CONGREGATIONAL THEOLOGICAL COLLEGES.

I. BRITISH.

There are ten Collegiate Institutes in India, Madagascar, South Sea Islands and South Africa, for the training of native pastors and evangelists, which are not given below.

1 Congregational College, B. N. A. .Montreal, Que. . .

2 Western College Plymouth, Eng...

3 Rotherham College Rotherham "

4 Chestnut College Chestnut . . "

5 Airdale College Bradford . . "

6 Hackney College Hackney . . '

7 Lancashire College Manchester "

8 Spring Hill College Birmingham "

9 New College London "

10 Congregational Institute Nottingham "

1 1 Congregational Institute Bristol .... "

12 Presb. and Gong. College Carmarthen, Wales

13 Memorial College Brecon ....

14 Independent College Bala

15 Branch of above Bala

16 Theological Hall Edinburgh, Scotl'd.

17 Victoria College Melbourne, Aus.

18 Camden College Sydney, Aus. . .

19 Union College South Australia

II. UNITED STATES.

In the United States there are 26 Congregational Universi- ties and Colleges, holding property valued at $4,706,000, hav- ing endowments of $4,438,000, and with an income of $529, 000. There are 11 Theological Seminaries, seven of which are independent, and four are auxiliary to other institutions. These Seminaries hold property valued at $1,438,000, have endowments of $1,669,000. and an income of $120,000. There are, besides, thirty Theological Schools in foreign countries connected with the American Board; and in the South, eight chartered Institutions conducted by the American Missionary Association which are not given below.

Profes- Stv^ Place. Founded. Course, sors. dents.

Profes

Stu-

nded.

Course, sors.

dents.

1839

5 .vrs. 4

9

1752

5

2

20

17.5b

.3 '

' 3

30

1768

4

' 4

34

1800

5

■ 3

^6

1803

5

3

26

1806

5

4

52

1838

4

' 3

24

1850

5

8

44

1861

4

' 3-

53

1863

^

2

22

1719

^

2

28

1662

4

• 3

39

1842

4

2

29

4

2

22

i8ii

4

' 3

12

1883

4

' 4

4

1863

4

^

1874

• 3

3

Name.

1 Andover Seminary Andover, Mass.. . 1808 3 yrs.

2 Bangor Seminary Bangor, Me ... . 1817 3

3 Chicago Seminary Chicago, 111 1858 3

4 Hartford Seminary Hartford, Conn.. 1834 3

5 Oberlin Semmary Oberhn, Ohio . . . 1835 3

6 Pacific Seminary Oakland, Gal 1869 3

7 Yale Seminary New Haven, Con 1822 3

40 PERIODICALS BY CONGREGATIONALISTS.

PERIODICALS BY CONGREGATIONALISTS.

I. CANADA.

ANNTJAL.

Title. Editors. Publishers.

Congregational Year Book Eev. S. N. Jackson, M.D... Congregational Publishing Co.

MONTHLY.

Canadian Independent Eev. J. Burton, B.D Congregational Publishing Co.

Canadian Messenger J. Dougall J. Dougall & Son.

WEEKLY.

Montreal Witness J. Dougall J. Dougall & Son.

Aurora J. Dougall & Son.

DAILY.

Montreal Witness J. Dougall J. Dougall & Son.

II. ENGLAND. ANNUAL.

Congregational Year Book Kev. A. Hannay, D.D Hodder & Stoughton.

QUARTEBLY.

The British Quarterly Review Eev. H. Allon,D.D Hodder & Stoughton.

MONTHLY.

The Evangelical Magazine Kev. W. M. Statham Hodder & Stoughton.

The Missionary Chronicle Eev. E. W. Thompson ...J. Snow & Co.

The Juvenile Missionary Magazine.Eev.E. Eobinson J. Snow & Co.

The Congregationalist Eev. J. G. Eogers, B.A Hodder & Stoughton.

The Christian's Penny Magazine... Eev. E. S. Williams J. Snow & Co.

The Liberator Mr. H. A. Skeats Houlston & Sons.

TheHomilist Eev. D. Thomas, D.D Simpkin & Marshall.

The Mother's Friend Miss Morgan Hodder & Stoughton.

The Sunday School Teacher Mr. H. Hall Sunday School Union.

The Child's Own Magazine Mr. William Groser Sunday School Union.

Sunday School Chronicle Mr. B. Clarke Sunday School Union.

Excelsior Mr. W. H. Groser, B.S.C... Sunday School Union.

The E. London Congregationalist.Eev. E. L. Pearse E. Gladding.

The Temperance Worker Eev. P. Wagstaff Pitman, Paternoster Eow.

The Lay Preacher Eev. P. Wagstaff P. P. Lougley, Warwick Lane.

The Congregational Magazine Eev, B. J. Hartland W. Mark.

Notes on the Scripture Lessons Sunday School Union.

The Bible Treasury Sunday School Union.

Liverpool Congregational Mag Eev. T. Keyworth J. Jones.

Manchester Congregational Mag. ..Eev. P. H. Dreweth Tubbs & Brooke.

Young England Mr. B. Clark Sunday School Union.

WEEKLY.

The Nonconformist and Indepen- dent C. T. Miall, Esq Clarke & Co., Fleet Street.

The Christian World Mr. James Clarke Clarke & Co., Fleet Street.

The Christian Union Eev. C. Kirby Office, 8 Salisbury Sq., Fleet St.

The Chi-istian Chronicle Eev. Dr. Parker E. Clark.

The Literary World Eev. T. Stevenson Clarke & Co., Fleet Street.

The Christian World Pulpit Mr. James Clark Clarke & Co., Fleet Street.

The Christian Era and Congrega- Houghton & Co., Paternoster

tional Eeeorder Eev. J.Mountain Eow.

The Sunday School Times Mr. J. Clarke J. Clarke &Co.

The Sunday School Chronicle Mr. B. Clark Sunday School Union.

III. WALES.

ANNUAL.

Dyddiadur yr Annibynwyr Eev. B. WUliams, Swan- sea, Eev. B.W. Griffith, Bethel Hughes, DolgeUy.

PERIODICALS BY CONGREGATIONALISTS. 4I

MONTHLY.

DvBgedydd Bev. E. Herber Evans

Carnarvon Hughes, Dolgelly.

Diwygiwr Rev. E. A. Jones, New- castle Emlyn ; Rev. D. A. Griffith, Troedrhiw- dalar Bees, Llanelly.

Cronicl Rev. J. Roberts, Conway,.Evans, Bala.

Dysgedydd y Plant Hughes, Dolgelly.

Tywysydd y Plant Rev. T. Johns, Llanelly... Bees, Llanelly.

WEEKLY.

Y Tyst ar Dydd Rev. J. Thomas, D.D.,

Liverpool; Rev. D.

Jones, B.A., Swansea ...Williams, Merthyr.

Dydd Hughes, Dolgelly.

IV. SCOTLAND.

ANNUAL.

Congregational Year Book Turnbtill & Spears, Edinburgh

MONTHLY.

Scottish Congregationalist Bev. James Ross TurnbuU & Speai's.

V. IRELAND.

ANNUAL.

Congregational Year Book Bev. R. Sewell W. W. Cleland, Belfast.

MONTHLY,

Congregational Magazine Rev. J. Stirling Hodder & Stoughton.

VI. AUSTRALIA.

ANNUAL.

Victoria Congregational Yr. Book.Rev. R. Connibee Sewell & Co., Melbourne.

New South Wales Congregational

Year Book Bev. J. P. Sunderland

South Australia YearBook Rev. F. W. Cox Congreg. Council.

MONTHLY.

Victoria Independent Editorial Committee

New South Wales Independent ...Rev. J. P. Callen

South Australian Independent Rev. J. C. McMichael Macclesfield.

VII. UNITED STATES.

ANNUAL.

Congregational Year Book Rev. H. Quint, D.D Congreg. Pub. So., Boston.

QUABTEBLY.

Bibliotheca Sacra Rev. E. A. Parker, D.D. ...W.JP. Draper, Andover.

NewEnglander Prof. Kinsley New Haven, Conn.

S. S. Pilgrim Bev. D. N. Beach Congreg. Pub. So.. Boston.

MONTHLY.

Missionary Herald A. B. C. F. M Boston.

American Missionary Am. Miss. Association New York.

Home Missionary Home Miss. Society New York.

Congregational Herald St. Louis, Mo.

Life and Light Woman's B. C. F. M Boston, Mass.

Pilgrim Lesson Leaves Congi-eg. Pub. So., Boston.

WEEKLY.

Congregationahst Bev. H. M. Dexter, D.D....W. L. Green & Co., Boston.

Advance Bev. B. West Advance Co.

Christian Mirror Rev. J. P. Warren, D.D... .Portland, Maine.

Vermont Chronicle Bev. A. D. Barber Montpelier, Vt.

Beligious Herald Bev. L. PeiTin, D.D D. B. Mosley, Hartford.

Christian Union Bev. L. Abbott, D.D New York.

Pacific Bev. S. P. Blakeslee Oakland, San Francisco.

The Wellspring Papers Congi-eg. Pub. So., Boston.

VUI. MADAGASCAE. The Antarianarivo Annual and

Madagascar Magazine Rev. E. Baron London Missionary Society.

42 BOOKS ON CONGREGATIONALISM.

BOOKS ON CONGREGATIONALISM.

The following are some of the more important works recent- ly issued for the first time or as new editions or reprints on the date given. The selection made is from a Congregational Bibliography, numbering 7,250 works.

I. HISTOEICAL.

Congregationalism as seen in its Literature. H. M. Dexter, D.D., pp. 716. Harper &• Bro., New York, 1880.

History of Religion in England. Dr. Stoughton. 6 vols. Hodder & Stoughton. London, 1881.

History of Congregationalism from A.D. 250 to 1880. George Punchard. 5 vols. Congregational Publishing Society, Boston, 1881.

The People called Independents. J. Kennedy. i6mo. pp. 62. 1878.

The True Blue Laws of Connecticut, &c. H. Trumble. i6mo. pp.62. 1876,

Roger Williams and his Banishment. H. M. Dexter. 4to. pp. 146. Boston, 1867.

The Genesis of the New England Churches. L. Bacon, D.D. i6mo. pp. 486. New York, 1874.

History of the Free Churches in England. H. T. Skeats. 8vo. pp. 638. 1869

The Puritan's Church, Court and Parliament of Edward VI. T. Hopkins

3 vols. 8vo. New York, 1875.

The Pilgrim Fathers. W. H. Bartlet, D.D. 8vo. pp. 240. 1853. History of the Early Puritans. J. B. Marsden. 8vo. pp.462. 1850. History of the Rise and Progress of Independency in England. J. Fletcher,

4 vols. i6mo. 1862.

Oliver Cromwell — Letters and Speeches. Thomas Carlyle. Vols. 2. lamo 1856.

History of the Martin Marprelate Controversy. P. Marshall. i6mo. pp. 224 1846.

Historical Memorials relating to the Independents. B. Hanbury. 3 vols 1839-44.

Thirteen Historical Discourses. L. Bacon. 8vo. pp. 400. New York, 1839

Religious Parties in England. R. Vaughan, D.D. 8vo. pp. 186. 1836.

History of Dissent, from the Revolution to 1838. |. Bennett. 3 vols. 8vo 1859.

Memorials of the Stuart Dynasty. R. Vaughan. 2 vols. 1831.

The Protectorate of Cromwell. R. Vaughan. 2 vols. 1839.

The Ecclesiastical History of New England. Joseph B. Felt. 2 vols. 8vo. Boston, 1862.

The New England Theocracy. H. F. Uhder. i2mo. Boston. 1658.

History of Congregationalism. Rev. J. Waddington, D.D. 5 vols.

II. CHUBCH GOVERNMENT.

Congregational Hand-book. H. M. De-xter. pp. 212. Boston : Congrega- tional Publishing Society, 1881.

The Faith and Polity of the Pilgrims. P. McVicar. 8vo. pp.14. 1878.

The Church Polity of the Pilgrims, the Polity of the New Testament. H.M. Dexter. i6mo. pp. 180. Boston, 1870.

Congregationalism: What it is ; Where it is; How it works. H. M. De.xter. i6mo. pp. 402. Boston, 1865.

Congr.egational Independency. Ralph Wardlaw. pp.355- Toronto, 186^.

BOOKS ON CONGREGATIONALISM. 43

Dictionary of Congregational Usage and Principles. P. Cummings. lamo. pp. 424. Boston, 1854.

The Democracy of Christianity. P. Goodhill. 2 vols. &vo. New York, 1856.

The Ecclesiastical Polity of the New Testament. L. Davidson. 8vo. pp. 458. 1848.

Congregational Order : The Ancient Platforms of Churches in New England, pp. 352. Hartford, 1842.

Congregationalism: or, the Polity of the Independent Churches. P. Vaughan. i2mo. pp. 218. 1842.

View of Congregationalism. G. Punchard. lamo. pp.363. Boston, id>^f).

Guide to the Principles and Practice of Congregational Churches of New Eng- land. J. Mitchell. i6mo. pp. 30. 1880.

Manual of Principles, Doctrines and Usages for Congregational Churches. ]. E. Roy. i2mo. Chicago, 1869.

Why are we Dissenters ? Rev. Eustace Condor. England.

Our Principles. Rev. G. B. Johnson. England.

Principles of Church Polity. Prof. G. T. I..add. pp. 433. New York, 1882. in. THE FATHERS

Works oi John Robinson. Memoir by R. Ashton. 3 vols. i6mo. Boston, 1851.

The Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven. J. Cotton. i2mo. pp. i2mo. Boston 1852.

John Owens Works. 16 vols. ISew York, 1851.

Lives of the Church Fathers of New England. 6 vols. lamo. Boston, 1846-47.

Magnelia Christi Americana. Cotton Mather. 2 vols. 8vo. Hartford, 1853.

Memoirs of the Governors of .New Plymouth and Massachusetts. By J. B. Moore. 8vo. pp. 440. 1851.

Life of Roger Williams. W. Gemmell. i6mo. pp.221. 1844.

History of the Puritans. Neels. 5 vols.

Records of the Colony of New Plymouth. N. B. Shurcliffe. 12 vols. 410.

The Church Quarrel Espoused, etc. John Wise. Boston, i860.

New England Memorial. N. Morton, pp. 515. Boston, 1855.

IV. YEAE BOOKS.

1. Canadian Congregational Year Book ; Rev. Samuel N.Jackson, M.D., Edi- tor (Congregational Publishing Company, Toronto.)

2. English Congregational Year Book ; Rev. Alexander Hannay, D.D., Editor (Hodder & Stoughton, London.)

3. Scottish Congregational Year Book ; James Ross, Editor (Lorrimer & Gillis, Edinburgh.)

4. Irish Congregational Year Book ; Rev. Robert Se well, Editor (William W. Cleland, Belfast.)

5. Victoria Congregational Year Book ; Rev. Richard Connibee, Editor (Sewell & Co., Melbourne, Australia.)

6. New South V/ales Congregational Year Book ; Rev. J. Sunderland, Editor.

7. South Australian Year Book ; Rev. F. W. Cox, Editor, Congregational Committee.

8. American Congregational Year Book; Rev. H. M. Quint, D.D., Editor (Congregational Publishing Society, Boston.)

9. Welsh Congregational Year Book ; B. Williams, Editor (Hughes, Dolgelly, Wales.)

V. CONGREGATIONAL UNION (ENG. AND W.) LECTURES. New Series.

1. The Superhuman Origin of the Bible inferred from itself. By Professor Henry Roclgers. 1873.

2. John the Baptist : A Contribution to Christian Evidences. By H.R. Rey- nolds, D.D 1S74.

3. The Atonement. By R. W. Dale. M.A., D.D. 1875.

4. Priesthood in the light of the New Testament. By Enoch Mellor, D.D. 1876.

5. The Basis of Faith, by Eustace Condor, M.A. 1877.

6. Church Systems of England in the Nineteenth Century. By. J. G. Rogers, B.A. All the above are published by Messrs. Hodder & Stoughton, London,

44 ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD.

ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD.

JUNE 8th, i88i— JUNE yxH, 1882.

I. ORDINATIONS AND INSTALLATIONS. Rev. J. B. Saer, B.D., installed at Wingham, Ont. " A. C. Kaye, settled in Caledon, Ont. " R. Hay, settled in Watford, Ont. " T. M. Reikie, settled in Wiarton, Ont. " John Morton, settled in Hamilton, Ont.

II. BESIGNATIONS AND REMOVALS.

Rev. Edwin Rose, resigned Economy, N.S.

" E. C. W. McColl, resigned Quebec.

" J. Griffith, resigned Hamilton, Ont.

" A. Blanshard, resigned, St. John, N.B.

" Rev. R. Robinson, resigned, Wiarton, Ont.

" J. Unsworth, resigned Georgetown, Ont.

" F. Wrigley, resigned Alton, Ont.

" R. Hay, resigned Pine Grove, Ont.

" R. Brown, resigned Middleville, Unt.

■' A. E. Kinmouth, resigned Stouffville, Ont.

" W. H. Heu de Bourck, resigned Bowmanville, Ont.

" W. H. Warriner, B.A., resigned Yorkville, Ont.

" J. L. Leitch, resigned Stanstead, Que.

" J. C. Wright, resigned Franklin Centre, Que.

" A. C. Kaye, resigned Caledon, Ont.

IIL DEATHS. Rev. James Howell, Toronto, Ont., died Nov. 5th, 1881, aged 72.

IV. REMOVALS FROM THE DOMINION. Rev. A. Blanchard, removed to the United States.

" F. Wrigley, removed to Freemont Centre, Michigan. " J. Griffith, removed to Sandy Creek, New York.

M. S. Gray, removed to Michigan. " R. Wrench, removed to Michigan. " J. L. Leitch, removed to the United States. " A. E. Kinmouth, removed to New York State. " Martin Lowrey, removed to Port Sailie, Michigan.

V. JOINED OTHER DENOMINATIONS. Rev. R. Wrench, joined the Methodist Episcopal Church, U.S.A.

VL RECEIVED FROM OTHER DENOMINATIONS. Rev. T. M. Reikie, from the Canada Presbyterian Church.

" John Morton, from the Evangelical Union Church, Scotland.

VII. CHURCHES ORGANIZED. Wingham Congregational Church organized September, 1881. Barrie Congregational Church organized June 6th, 1882.

VUL CHURCH EDIFICES AND PARSONAGES. Ottawa, church remodelled and furnished September nth. 1S81. Alton, Church burned January 5th, 1882. Maxwell, Church dedicated January, 1882. Bowmanville, Church dedicated January, 1882. Ottawa, parsonage completed December, 1881.

SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. 45

SUMMARY OF STATISTICS, 1882.

Out of ninety churches on the roll of Ontario and Quebec only sixty have sent in reports as ag-ainst sixty-seven last year.*

The following is a summary of the statistics of these sixty churches :

General.

Pastors 111 office 45

Number of stations not churches 38

Number of Preaching stations 72

Average attendance on all Sabbbath services. . . . 11,765

Total under pastoral care (children included).. 16,380

Additions to Membership.

By Profession 348

By Letter 168

Total 516

Losses.

By Death 74

By Letter 182

By Discipline 21

Dropped on Revision 249

Total 526

Present Membership.

Male 1,845

Female 3,020

Particulars not given 155

Total 5,020

Sunday Schools.

Number 58

Officers and teachers 704

Scholars on roll 6,245

Average Attendance 4,736

Baptisms.

Adults 48

Infants 339

Total 387

Church Edijiees.

Number 61

Number of sittings 20,895

Parsonages.

Number 21

* Since this report was presented several churches have sent in reports, which have been entered in the tables ; also by resolution of the Union the figures for the past year have also been entered with churches not reporting, so that the approximate numbers may be more nearly correct.

46 SUMMARY OF STATISTICS.

Finances.

Value of church edifices '$485,175

Value of parsonages 27,825

Amount of debt on church property 140,890

Balance 372, no

Amount raised for local church objects 77.205

Amount raised for Union 369

Amount raised for C.C. MissionarySociety 2,200

Amount raised for C.C. of B.N. A 1.409

Amount raised for Foreign, French & Indian Missions 1.091

Amount raised for general benevolent purposes ^.897

Total amount raised for all purposes 84,668

Decrease on last year (in these 60 churches) 7.832

Amount of missionary grant received 2,268

The above summary shows not only a decrease in the total amount raised for all purposes of $7,832, but also a decrease in membership of 10.

Last year 67 churches reported additions to the number of 479. This year 60 churches report additions to the number of 516, of whom 348 were on profession of faith, as against 323 last year. But last year the losses amounted only to 315. This year they are 526. This is accounted for in great part by the fact that many churches have availed themselves of the opening of the new column, "Dropped in Revision," to re- vise their rolls, 249 having been lost by this means alone. Of these 249 the greater part have no doubt moved to places where there are no Congregational churches, and so have been lost.

I regret that only 7 churches have sent in lists of absentees, as I am persuaded that a central record of the present resi- dences of such absentees would be of great value for mission- ary purposes. The record at present in my possession, im- perfect though it is, shows that we have absentee members in Winnipeg, Emerson, Rapid City, Portage la Prairie, Bran- don and other places in Manitoba; also in Weston, Orillia, Seaforth, Paisley, Oshawa, and elsewhere in Ontario, besides various parts of the United States.

Four names were dropped from the statistical roll by order of the Union, namely, Keppel, North Derby, Acton and Ga- rafraxa North. Three have been added during the year, namely, Sheddon, Wingham and Riverside (Don Mount.)

All which is respectfully submitted.

W. H. Warriner,

Statistical Secretary.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 47

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH,

REV. JAMES HOWELL.

The Rev. James Howell was born Januaiy gth, 1810, in the Village of Talton, between Southampton and Ramsey, in the County of Hampshire, England. His father, the Rev. Charles Howell, exercised the pastoral office over two Congregational churches in those parts for a period of fifty years. Besides attending to the duties arising out of this office, he taught a private school during the week, and here James received his early training. While listening to his father's monthly mis- sionary appeals on behalf of Foreign Missions, he imbibed the desire to be himself a messenger of the good news to distant lands, and often before he was ten years old did he pray that God might make him a Christian, that he might give himself to this work.

He spent four years in the school for sons of Congregational ministers. The Rev. J. Simpson was at that time principal, and among his companions he mentions the Rev. John Spurgeon, father of the celebrated C. H. Spurgeon, of London. Before the expiration of his term of years here, his father judged it best for his spiritual interests that he should spend some time under his own immediate care before he was sent out into the world to fight his own battles and encounter temptation.

Having had this benefit of parental oversight for a further season, he was duly apprenticed for a period of six years to the drapery business. His master and mistress were both godlv persons and members of a Congregational church. While with them he was privileged to sit under the ministry of an earnest servant of Christ. Here his first work for God was commenced in the Sabbath school, visiting his scholars, dis- tributing tracts and such like. About the same time, he, with a number of other young men, met on Sabbath afternoons for prayer and study of the Bible, and through these means he was led to decision for Christ, found the peace which passeth un- derstanding, and sought and obtained admission to fellowship with the church at the age of seventeen. From this period he began to work with great zeal and energy in the Lord's vineyard, teaching and preaching in the surrounding villages and country.

Subsequently Mr. Howell resided in London, where he was

48 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

a member of Hare Court Chapel, then meeting in Aldersgate street, under the pastoral care of the Rev. W. S. Palmer. While in London he availed himself of every opportunity to improve his mind by reading, attending lectures and sermons, and by exercising his talents in a variety of ways.

While listening to an eloquent appeal to young men, by the returned missionary, Rev. Richard Knill, young Howell re- solved that he would offer himself to the London Missionary Society. He did so the next day and was accepted, and after a course of training in the Missionary College, he was solemnly ordained to the work of an evangelist in Jamaica, 1845, in his father's church, his father giving the charge from the words " What saith the scriptures." In company with his wife he sailed for Jamaica. Here he laboured four and a half years, buried a beloved daughter, experienced much kindness and endured some hardships. Acting on medical advice he was obliged to leave the Island and return to England.

He shortly received an appointment from the Home Mis- sionary Society to a new station in Brill in the County of Bucks. He did good service in this place, organizing a church, building a chapel, opening schools, and for fourteen years abounding in every good word and work. His removal was deeph' regretted ; his friends showed their appreciation of his labours among them in many ways, and by presenting him with a well filled purse of gold. He sailed with his family for New York, December, 1854, where, after preaching in several places he accepted a call as stated supply in Sharen, Michigan. These were the days when the great question of slavery was agitating the churches of the U. S., and our brother's fearless advocacy of the cause of freedom rendered a prolonged stay in that country undesirable. At the end of his second year he brought his labours to a close and determined to place himself once more under the British flag, where men of every color are alike, free. But before he left this scene of conflict, he was called to pass through one of the greatest trials of his life. After a very painful illness the heroic wife of his youth, his faithful companion by land and sea, who had shared his toils as a missionary and a pastor for twenty-one years, a devoted Christian lady, was removed from him by the providence of God. At her death she left him with three sons.

Mr. Howell put himself in communication with Rev. Dr. Wilkes, who arranged that he should supply the Congrega- tional church at Guelph for a few Sundays. His visit resulted in an invitation to labour among them. Here he had to re- organize the church and Sunday school, and gather back many famihes who had been previously scattered. He married Miss

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 49

M. A. Dougal, who has been his faithful companion and help- meet till his earthly work and toil was completed, and by whom he leaves seven children, besides two sons still living, by his former marriage.

Our brother was successively pastor of the Congregational church in Liverpool, Nova Scotia ; St. John's, Newfoundland ; Granby, Que., and lastly in Cold Springs, Ont., where he built a new church and opened it free of debt.

Mr. Howell spent the closing years of his life in connection with the Indian Missionary Society as secretary. In this work he made many long journeys — travelled Irom house to house collecting, addressing public meetings, pleading for the red man of the forest. Some will remember how delighted he appeared as he introduced our Indian brother. Rev. W. Walk- er, to the Union in Toronto in 1881. While he was able he wrote and travelled and pleaded for this Society, thus closing his labors as he commenced — a missionary. What he did he did for the Master, not officially or as an hireling, but with a ready mind, a deep sincerity.

He was a good man, never forgetting the great end of his high calling. He was uncompromising in his zeal for consis- tency on the part of professors of religion ; immovable in his attachment to Congregationalism; an ardent advocate of total abstinence ; scrupulously neat in his person ; methodical and orderly in his habits and business, and most consistent in private life. His death took place in Toronto, whither he removed one month previously, on the 5th November, 1881, in the 71st year of his age. His end was peace, and his remains were interred in Mount Pleasant Cemetery, where he awaits the "Resurrection of the Just."

"Servant of God, well done !

Rest from thv loved employ. The battle fought, the victory won.

Enter thy Master's joy."

50 THE JUNE GATHERING.

THE JUNE GATHERING, 1882.

BY REV. W. W. SMITH.

What the month of May is in England, June is with us. "The earth, in its revolution round the sun," writes N. P. Willis, "dips once a year into the climate of Heaven ; and the intersection takes place in June !" And the thought that gave rise to the conceit has been present with many of us, that it is indeed the sweetest month of all the year. And in June we have our annual convocation ; this year in

BRANTFORD,

a little city of ten thousand people, thirty or forty miles from Lake Erie, on the pleasant waters of the river Ouse. And, by the way, Lord Dorchester, the old fighting Governor- General, might as well have saved himself the trouble of nam- ing the stream, for the old name, which seems to have been drawn blindfold out of some urn, sticks to it yet — the "Grand River." The people of Brantford are aware of the fact that their city is one of the very prettiest places in the Dominion, and stand up for its reputation accordingly. And not only is the little city itself beautiful, but the country around. It was originally "oak-plains;" a few large trees, and many small bushes on each acre, with thin wiry grass, mixed with a spe- cies of small, low willow and the whortleberry, and in the lower spots much of the native poplar, or aspen. The soil is sandy, and, once the oak bushes "grubbed" out and the sod turned over, exceedingly easy of after-cultivation. The country, all cleared up for forty or fifty years, presents, with the single exception of the board or rail fences, instead of the hedges, a vivid reminder of many parts of England.

THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH,

on the pleasant tree-planted Court House Square, is a com- fortable brick building, with an exceedingly tapering spire. Inside some recent "frescoing" has a cheerful and beautiful effect. Here we met our brethren once more, and each one, unconscious of the same effect in himself, thought the breth- ren were "all growing older T' It was quite true, only there is no exception to ihe rule. Wednesday evening — the Wednes- day after the first Sabbath in June — so arranged that the ministers may all be at home on the monthly Communion Sabbath, a

THE JUNE GATHERING. 5I

SERMON

is first in order, giving us a good set-off, with some well- weighed words on an appropriate theme ; this year by our brother, the Rev. John Burton, of Toronto ; terse, epigram- matical ; wanting a little in declamation, but which reads well afterwards.

After the sermon the Union organized. Minute-Secreta- ries and a Reporter and some necessary Standing Commit- tees are appointed. Things get into a routine ; and the Mi- nute-Secretaries are sure to he one of the younger ministers and a student. ■ It takes close attention and gives a good deal of work, but the experience is very helpful, and as a second turn of service will not probably arrive in an ordinary lifetime, it is scarcely considered either very wise or in good taste to refuse it. Then those who were not "billetted ' made their way forward, where Mr. George Adams, the hard-working Secre- tary of the J.ocal Committee, who knew everybody who kept a "prophet's chamber," soon filled up a card, which proved to be the open sesame to comfortable quarters and Christian kind- ness. Indeed, if the unanimous (even if conflicting) testimony of the brethren is to be believed, Mr. Adams and his Com- mittee

HAD THE RARE FELICITY

of assigning each particular brother to the very best house and the most agreeable people in the city. Blessed be the egotism that receives a welcome for the Master's sake, as the freest ever given ! Meanwhile a general hand-shaking is going on in the aisles and spaces, and many a face and heart is eased of some of its care thus to meet once more around another milestone on the road to Heaven.

From nine to ten in the morning was devotion and remark, a precedent now well established, and which, vv^e trust, will never be laid aside. It is such a prayer-meeting as many a country pastor ne\er sees and mingles in but here; and it is a relief to brethren to have a sympathetic audience for their griefs and encouragements — and to find

THE SPIRIT WONDROUSLY PRESENT.

though speaking through human voices. At ten every dav is the call to order, when the Chairman assumes control. The first two mornings a good deal of time was consumed over the formation and correction of the Sessional Roll, a thing that must be done, though it may take time. The forenoons, by unwritten usage, have now become the exclusive property of "The Union," the other "Societies" being allowed all the af-

52 THE JUNE GATHERING.

ternoons. At first there were but two such meetings — the "Missionary Society" and the "Theological Institute," after- wards called the "College." Now the Societies are multi- plied, and we have also the Provident Fund, the Indian Mis- sion, the Foreign Missionary Society, the Labrador Mission, the Publishing Company, the Church-Building Society, and the Manitoba Committee. Over and above what the minutes of these various Societies reveal we can but glance at them as we pass.

By a departure from former usage a layman was chosen last year as

CHAIRMAN

for the year 1882, Mr. George Hague, banker, of Montreal. It was rather discouraging for the "new departure" that the Chairman could only be present for a day and a half of the session. The annual address from the chair was given, in consequence, on the second instead of the first day. It was refreshing, suggestive, weighty and well written. The feeling was expressed in many ways that it was good to know how organized religion was looked upon from the counting-room and the money-mart- The Rev. Charles Duff, M.A., of Speed- side, near Guelph, the Chairman-elect for 1883, was asked to preside during the partial absence of Mr. Hague. There were fewer than on former occasions of

HONORARY MEMBERS,

Brethren who drop in as visitors, and are recognized and ac- corded the privilege of speech. And, by the way, such intro- ductions and invitations are now invariably made only at the instance of the Membership Committee ; and there were no deputations from other ecclesiastical bodies. For several years the Union has discouraged so much of "deputations" from itself, as the matter began to be over-done, and prob- ably other bodies have done the same. Such deputations are, however, never omitted where other ecclesiastical bodies are sitting at the same time and place. Several new members were admitted, and in the case of one a new precedent was established. The Rev. John Morton, of Hamilton, presented testimonials and letter of dismission from the "Evangelical Union," of Scotland, and the question came up in the com- mittee-room: "Is the E. U. to be considered, under our stand- ing rules, as a

KINDRED CONGREGATIONAL ORGANIZATION ?"

The Membership Committee decided so to report, and the re- port, recommending Mr. Morton's immediate reception, was,

THE JUNE GATHERING. 53

after these explanations were given, adonted without debate. The application of the Bond Street Church, Toronto, for re- admission into the Union, about which much anxiety had been felt, came up in due course. It may be truly said that all the members of the Union, though they were conscious of a di- vergence of opinion, and were hopeless of an immediate agree- ment of sentiment on the question, yet were equally anxious to avoid all acrimonious debate, and to have the matter decided by a simple vote. A little preliminary sparring the afternoon before intensified this feeling, and when Mr. Burton and Dr. Wild had been heard on either side, on the day of the vote, cries of "question" from all parts of the house testified to the opinion that no amount of speaking would change the vote, and that the sooner it was over the better. Though the "yeas and nays" were called for, the time necessary to call and check the roll was not insisted on, and a compromise was accepted, to have the members stand and be counted as they voted. Under the "yeas and nays" a perfectly full vote would have been had; as it was a few members abstained from voting. The numbers were, 44 for reception ; 9 against. The wisdom of avoiding a sharp debate, over a question which no debate could settle, was felt in the evening, as the principal parties on either side met in friendly intercourse at a social meeting.

AND THAT SOCIAL MEETING

is not to be overlooked in our review, Mr. James Wilkes, Senior Deacon of the Brantford church, and brother of Rev. Dr. Wilkes, of Montreal, invited the members and delegates, "and their hosts and hostesses," (so the invitation ran,) to a Reception at his house on Friday evening. There was much of introduction, talk and hand-shaking, a little music and speech-making, ice-cream and cakes, an Ojibway version of "Hold the Fort," and a little speech of Chief Med-way-osh, translated by William Walker; and then the "good-byes" to host and hostess, and good Dr. Wilkes, their guest.

An application for fellowship in the Union from the church in Winnipeg brought up an important question. The Union is now sufficiently extended in its geographical limits, and the day will no doubt soon arrive when the North- West will have a " Congregational Union " of its own. And so, while culti- vating every kind of brotherliness with the brethren at Winni- peg, it was not thought advisable to alter the constitution of the Union to include the North-West.* In former years, the

* The ■writer is mistaken here, as the Church in question was received without any alteration of the constitution. The privileges of those received outside the Provincea of Ontario and Quebec are equal in every respect, except in receiving payment for travelling expenses.— Ed.

54 THE JUNE GATHERING.

unwritten usage was to have the Union every third year at Montreal ; and the other two years in Upper Canada. Later, the usage was understood to be, every second year in Montreal or Toronto, alternately ; with the intervening year in other places in Ontario. This usage was departed from four years ago, when the Union was held in London, — and the Union has not quite got back to its proper routine. So an invitation to go to London next year was accepted. Montreal will come the year after.

One thing was very noticeable. There was no member of the Union, of whom it could be said, " He desired to speak, so as to bring himself into notice." While there was a good deal of deliberative ability shown — and some members very notice- ably are annually developing more and more that valuable faculty — there were no " speeches" : there was no time for it, nor did there arise proper occasion. One thing was to be regretted. Three members had at the last j^ear's request of the Union,

PREPARED ESSAYS

to read before the Assembly, and only one was called for — that of the Rev. B. W. Day. It seems a great pity that brethren should write papers by request, on some of the living issues of the age, and the Union fail in receiving the benefit of their reading, and of a profitable discussion of the topic. The only solution is, either (i) an extension of the time for the meetings of the Union — taking in perhaps Tuesday and Tues- day evening ; or (2) meeting some part of the time in "sec- tions"— and the Union thus being able to claim, say an hour, at the beginning of every afternoon session. For the same reason — want of time — a very important subject, to which the attention of the Union was invited, received the very slightest notice, that of

THE BIBLE IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

The indictment against our Public School system, that it "teaches everything but Religion,'" is well worthy of being in- vestigated : that with respect to our Public Schools, as with our individual selves, there may be a constant reaching forward toward perfection ! The Union also re-affirmed its adhesion to the system of Ecclesiastical " Councils," as laid down in some recommendatory resolutions passed in 1876.

The statistics were presented on Saturday forenoon for Rev. W. H. Warriner, in his absence. Whether collected by the Union Secretary, or by a Secretary of Statistics alone, it seems impossible to get them quite full and correct. Correct they may be in each individual case ; but always

THE JUNE GATHERING. 55

FAILING OF RESPONSE

from a number of churches, they become incorrect as to the whole. This year, only 60 churches reported out of 90. A small increase in membership was reported, but a decrease in the total amount of money raised. The fact is many of the churches are beginning to realize that it is neither pleasant nor honorable to be in debt, and have been paying off their debts these few years past ; and the " decrease" this year merely signifies that these debts are now mostly paid off.

As at former times, the Sabbath was a busy day for many of the brethren. All the towns within easy distance, and some which were not, had representatives of the Union engaged in preaching. The Sabbath morning preacher for the place of meeting — an appointment of the Union — was this year the Rev. H. D. Hunter, of London.

THEN A SUNDAY SCHOOL GATHERING,

addressed by three or four brethren, among others by the only native Indian member of the Union, the Rev. William Walker, of French Bay. In the evening an out-door meeting, at which some of the members assisted, and a united Communion Ser- vice in the church.

The afternoon meetings were full of interest, though not so well attended by the townspeople as the forenoon meetings. The time-honored

"CONGREGATIONAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY"

took the lead. But little change was made in the committees. An Executive Committee, representative of the larger com- mittee, was appointed for more concerted action through the year. The officers were re-elected. For the first time, the names of the churches receiving grants, and the amount of each grant, appear in the report : a mark of confidence in the subscribers (and a matter of much interest to them), which might with advantage have been done before. The appoint- ment of a Missionary Superintendent was proposed by the committee, and favorably entertained by the meeting. Fol- lowing this came the

INDIAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

The Rev. James Howell, the late secretary, had "gone home." Miss Baylis was at her post for the twelfth summer. William Walker was present to speak for himself and his 64 converted Ojibways in church fellowship at French Bay. Eli Richards was among his countrymen at Serpent's River, gradually lead- ing them to Christianity and civilization. Rev. John Nicol, with his family, was at Mississagua River, preaching many

56 THE JUNE GATHERING.

times a week by his voice, and all the week long by his cheer- ful industry — a thing at first always so incomprehensible to the Indians. " We can't tell how it is," said William Walker, at the reception at Mr. Wilkes', "that you white men get so ahead of us ! Indians have great love and respect for their chiefs ; and every white man is to us a chief. We can't under- stand how you get so much ahead of us !"

Then, the newly-launched Foreign Missionary Society, of which the Rev. Thomas Hall, of Kingston, is the heart and soul. Some of Mr. Hall's suggestions were good. The mo- ney now sent to various Societies might be sent through their Treasurer at Kingston, and would be faithfully applied as di- rected ; and no doubt the time will come when it would be left in the hands of the Canadian Society, to use in their own foreign work ; and to send out a man to China or Japan would do more good to the Canadian churches themselves than any other one thing that could be done at home. The College had a report of unusual interest. At last a

COLLEGE BUILDING

seemed assured, over $16,000 being pledged for it. The lay- ing of the corner-stone may be heard of any day. The resig- nation of Principal Wilkes was to take effect the next day, and correspondence had been had with the Colonial Mission- ary Society with reference to a new Principal, who should be on the ground by September, for the opening of the classes. Nine students had been in attendance during the session just closed.

The "Provident Fund" also held its annual meeting. Noth- ing could exceed the economy and care with which this Society has been managed. One of the investments — in a certain "Building Society" — has turned out bad, a legacy of the "hard times just passed." In consequence the " Ministers Retiring Fund" has not yet been available for use. Another widow has been added during the year to the number of an- nuitants participating in the benefits of the " Widows' and Orphan's Fund." It is a source of grief, and somewhat of sur- prise, that so many of the churches pass by this most benefi- cent and necessary Charity in the disposition of their bene- volence. It well deserves better treatment.

THE LABRADOR MISSION

had also a hearing. Begun originally as an undenominational Mission to the mixed and casual population of that coast, it has of late years entirely fallen into the hands of a Ladies' Committee in Montreal, of whom Mrs. Dr. Wilkes, 249 Moun- tain Street, is Treasurer. A student laboured there last sum-

THE JUNE GATHERING. 57

mer, and two ladies braved the inhospitable winter. Both were now coming home, and it was most desirable that a missionary should be despatched at once. A few hundred dollars a year was all that was required to carry on this most promising work, but even that was hard to get hold of.

The "Manitoba Committee," a sort of informal Missionary Society for the North-West, had also the floor for a short time. The Rev. J. B. Silcox, pastor at Winnipeg, reported that the church there was ready to build, and had $30,000 on hand for the purpose. The Rev. W. Ewing had settled at the international qiiadrapolis on the Red River, his particular location being at Pembina, on the Minnesota side. The Rev. John Brown was on the ground, and had organized a church, and the Rev. Robert Brown was on the wing westward. More brethren were wanted.

THE PUBLISHING COMPANY

also held its annual meeting. The Independent had returned to its former shape, as a monthly magazine in covers. Trouble was experienced from so many arrears due and not paid by subscribers. A number of contributions for the immediate relief of the magazine were obtained, it being understood that these should be considered "shares" in the stock of the company. It was hoped that every pastor, or some one obtained by him, would act as "agent" in every lo- cality, to obtain readers and collect the subscriptions.

THE CHURCH BUILDING SOCIETY

was advancing toward the practical end contemplated. It needs a few good legacies, or what is better, a few good round sums from parties who, it is hoped, may Hve many years to see the benefits of their gifts, to set it in working order. Once established with a fair capital it will be self-sustained and self-sustaining.

Some of the old faces are seen here no more: Lillie, Climie, Sherrill, Parker, Denny, Howell, and others. Some of the veterans were absent this year: Duff, Robinson, Fenwick, Unsworth. Others we rejoiced to see once more, noticeably two — Dr. Wilkes, no more the strong-browed active man of the past, but painfully moving inch by inch on crutches, yet full of work, strong-voiced, cheerful and hopeful — and Rev. Anthony McGill, M.A., who had begun almost to drop out of the memory of the younger members, yet, encouraged by the shortness of the thirty-mile trip from his home in Barton, turned up once more, and wonderfully hale, greatly to the delight of all the eider brethren.

We have not room to say more of the two evening meetings

58 MAY MEETINGS IN ENGLAND.

— Thursday and Monday — than just to remark that they were pleasant ; with nothing special in the character of the speak- ing, nor in the subjects chosen. It was suggested to the Mis- sionary Societies and the Union, under whose auspices these two meetings were held — and will probably be held in future — to have two or three speakers notified and secured for each meeting at least a month beforehand, so that they may be thoroughly prepared.

THE CONGREGATIONAL MAY MEETINGS IN ENGLAND.

BY REV. THOMAS HALL,

Wherever else Congregationalism is weak or unaggressive it is not so in Great Britain : there it is powerful in members, in wealth, in intelligence, in practical piety, and in political action. With a histor}' extending over three centuries, and a roll of illustrious martyrs, of great preachers, of renowned authors, and a record of work done in the cause of God and humanity second to no other denomination of Christians, it would be strange if this missionary era did not witness unusual activity among the descendants of the English Puritans. The struggles and sufferings of centuries .past is at last rewarded with the priceless boon of "liberty to worship God ;" the re- moval of almost all disabilities on account of dissent from an Established Church ; full access to the national institutions of learning; permission to bury their dead in the parish ceme- tery ; and the near prospect of religious equality in the dis- establishment and disendowment of the National Church.

The business meeting of the Union was held on Monday evening. May 8th, in

MEMORIAL HALL.

London, a building erected on the site of Old Fleet Sti"eet prison, where so man}' godly ancestors pined and died for their loyalty to Christ and Congregationalism. This noble building was commenced in 1862 to commemorate the ejectment of two thousand ministers from the Church of England in 1662 for non-conformity . Over one thousand ministers and delegates were present at the recent meeting.

The chairman for the year is the Rev. J. A. Macfadyen. D.D., of Manchester, long and widely kno>vn as an able and successful pastor, an efficient administrator, and an untiring worker for the churches generally. The first meeting was

MAY MEETINGS IN ENGLAND. 50

occupied with the election of a chairman for the ensuing year, which resulted in the selection of Rev. Dr. Fairbairn, Princi- pal of Airdale Independent College ; resolutions of sympathy with the family of the late Lord Cavendish and the Govern- ment ; and the annual report, by that prince of secretaries, the Rev. Dr. Hannay.

The chairman's address was the event of the following day, and so marked was the effect produced by the rhetoric of the speaker, that the remainder of Tuesday's proceedings was comparatively flat.

THE IDEAL OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH

was the chairman's topic, but strictly speaking it was the ideal of Congregationalism, and was addressed to members of the Union rather than to the public at large. It is full of striking passages, some historic, some didactic. He gave graphic descriptions of Hilderband, Luther, Calvin and the Pilgrim Fathers ; it is stimulating and rousing throughout.

THE JUBILEE FUND.

The Rev. Dr. Hannay presented a statement on behalf of the Jubilee Fund, which is being raised to celebrate the fiftieth year of the Congregational Union. One hundred and sixty thousand dollars are already promised, in sums ranging from one hundred thousand dollars down to five cents. It is confi- denth^ expected that over a million dollars will be collected for this fund before the close of the year. This large sum is to be devoted to the extinction of chapel debts, the augmen- tation of ministers' salaries, and the furtherance of other de- nominational interests.

THE CHURCH AID AND HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY

reported an income of $211,794 during the year; 658 rural churches, with which are associated 100,000 persons, were assisted, besides conducting 173 mission stations. In this home mission work the society spent $200,000 last year.

The Colonial Missionary Society held its meeting in Clapton Park Congregational church. May nth. There was a large at- tendance. Considerable space is given in the report to the Con- gregational College at Montreal, and the arrangements neces- sary by the prospective retirement of Rev. Dr. Wilkes as Principal. The report also largely refers to Australia, where evidently Congregationalism has to contend with difficulties siniilar to those in Canada, and seems far from being what it ought to be, after all the preference given to it by the society. Cape Colony and Newfoundland are also adverted to. There were good speeches made on the occasion, but as usual the

6o MAY MEETINGS IN ENGLAND.

burden of the prophets was about Australia. "Distance lends enchantment to the view." The synopsis does not g^ive the receipts of the year, but one thing is certain, the Colonial Missionary Society does not receive the support of the churches in the Mother Country to which it is entitled.

THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

The annual meeting was held on nth May in Exeter Hall. The report refers to the fact that the work the society has been engaged in since 1797, is of such a nature that it is often not easy to mark, by statistics, the changes which have taken place in so short a period as a year. Evidently great and good work is being done in many lands. Triumph can be chronicled as the result of sacrifice and earnest service on the part of those who have toiled in the mission field. A few days before the annual meeting, the society sent out a larger number of missionaries than it has ever done at one time. Twenty missionaries for Madagascar and Central Africa is a large contingent sent to the battle-field. Fourteen of the twenty have Central Africa for their destination. Among the speakers was Captain Turpie, the veteran commander of the missionary ship John Williams, the third ship bearing that name; Rev. J. Pierce, Madagascar; Rev. S. Hepditch, Rev. C. Symes, and Mr. Bompas, Q.C. The outlook for the so- ciety is most hopeful. Grand possibilities are before it, and right loyally is it determined to fulfil the heaven-imposed task. The total income of the society for the year is $562,435.

One other society closely identified with the Congrega- tional Union of England and Wales claims a passing notice, namely,

THE CONGREGATIONAL TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY,

which was organized eight years ago, and its progress has been very satisfactory, with slender means, only $750 last year, and no paid agents employed. It was stated that 1,600 out of 2,575 Congregational ministers in England were members, and 323 out of 385 students are also enrolled as pledged tee- totallers. Much stress was laid upon the fact that the work- ing population are becoming alive to the evils of the drinking habits of society.

Space forbids us giving any account of other important dis- cussions at the meetings of the Union, such as the subject of attendance at Public Worship, Sabbath School work, the State of Ireland, and many other vital questions. All these were taken up and dealt with in a practical and earnest way.

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 6l

THE SCOPE AND FRUIT OF THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

SOME PRACTICAL THOUGHTS ON THIS AND OTHER TOPICS.'

BY GEORGE HAGUE, ESQ.

Fathers and Brethren :

When, a year ago, the great honor was done to a layman among you of electing him chairman of this honorable body, there must have been a purpose in so unusual a departure from ordinary precedent. It is probably not an unwise interpretation of that purpose to suppose that it wa.s desired to have the views of a man of business and affairs upon questions that are generally uppermost amongst us. Your chairman takes this view of the position, and he will be pardoned for expressing some opinions from another standpoint than that which is common on such occasions as the present ; premising, however, that he does not assume to speak for the laity of the churches gener- ally but for himself alone.

In a meeting of the pastors and representatives of Congregational churches one of the first questions which would occur to an onlooker is this : " For what purpose have these people met '?" Their meeting does not appear to be a necessity. They repudiate the idea of any central body sending out " decrees for the churches to keep." And, equally, their system is not of that essentially missionary character which results in a central body annually sending out men.

But much may be done even where authority is not claimed, or the missionary function exercised. The modern Congress of the Church of England that has increased to such an influence in extending and developing her system, has not a particle of legislative authority. Its members confer, they exchange ideas, they debate. And the clash of arms (participated in far more by laymen than is customary amongst us) is at times sharp and loud. The debates are read with eagerness, and their influence is wide spread. Legislation, however, is left to Convocation. But while Convocation has the name of power, the reality is with Congress.

' The Chaii-niau's Addi'ess to the Congregational Union of Ontario and Quebec, held in Bra,ntford, Ont., June 7—12. Published by request of the Union.

62 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

Now with us, the churches, emerging from their condition of iso- lated units, have passed into the condition of a federated body. And a primary object of their annual meeting is to exchange ideas, compare notes, and debate topics of common interest, without making the slightest pretence to legislative authority.

Proceeding then on this line of thought, it may be remarked that as churches and pastors we have had weighty matters on hand during the year. Have we fulfilled our functions ? What results can we report to cheer one another withal ?, We have all more or less come in contact with brethren of other churches, and with the world at large. What have we learned by it ? We may have come into con- tact with brethren in larger spheres, and seen the working of our system on a wider scale. Has it stimulated us, or taken the conceit out of us ? We may have met with men who have been out in the great harvest field of missions, amongst the teeming populations of the East, where each laborer, instead of a few hundreds of Christians — nominal or real — has a million or two of idolaters around him. Has that done us any good !

Gatherings like this, even more in the old land than here, are given, at times, to mutual admiration. And the chairman's address is generally devoted to the exposition or defence of abstract principles- — of which nobody, amongst us at least, ever entertained a doubt. Shall we come down, as old Socrates used to say, from the clouds to solid earth and ask one another, not what are the beauties of our principles, but what we have done to work them out, since we met last year ? The tree after all is known by its fruits. What fruit have we then to shew ?

We may be inclined to begin by saying that, though there may be little fruit of a tangible character, we have helped to leaven other churches with the ideas of liberty and independence.

That may be doubted. There is a good deal of desire for liberty in human nature, and Christians, under every form of organization, are apt to assert their independence. They are doing it constantly in quarters that certainly were never influenced by us. It is a question, indeed, whether the separate existence of churches, devoted to liberty and independence, is not a hindrance to the assertion of liberty by members of other organizations. There would probably be more of the assertion of Congregational principles in Episcopal and Presby- terian churches than there is, if it were not that we can be pointed at as beacons. " That measure," says a member of Synod, " is Congre- gational;" and the argument strikes home. Everybody knows the

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 63

measure is wise. But they do not wish for Congregationalism, and reject the measure. We may make the mistake of taking credit to ourselves for what is due to the love of liberty in human nature, or to the spirit of the times.

WHAT HAS BEEN THE FRUIT ?

At any rate, to one who claims that he has preserved his liberty, we are entitled to say : What use then have you made of it ? You have had free scope to work, — what results have you to show ? For liberty is folly if its results are only idleness.

We have not a large number of churches. But I suppose that during the year there have been about teu thousand sermous preached amongst us. A great expenditure of power, it must be admitted. No one can accuse us of silence. There is an amplitude of leaves in our vineyard. But the vital point is : How many grapes can we shew ? Every branch that beareth not fruit the vine-dresser taketh away.

What of souls converted during the year ? It would answer no purpose to deceive ourselves by arithmetical phantasms. But we do believe in conversion. And we believe that conversion can be mani- fested. If not, our church theory vanishes. What, then, have we to say of conversions during the year ? You have had in your hands the greatest spiritual force in the world, — "the sword of the Spirit, which is the Word of God." Has it been "quick and pow^erful" in your use of it ? Has it searched the " thoughts and intents" of the men that heard you ? It has wonderful power when rightly wielded. But the Spirit uses only his own testimony. The sword, it must be con- fessed, gets rusted at times. There is very little steel, either to be seen or felt. Some, indeed, take pains to wrap the sword in folds of silk ; and the hearers, instead of being cut and wounded, are pleased with the silken rustle. It was said by a secular paper amongst us lately, with a touch of cynicism, that Festus, in these days, would never have trembled under the preaching of a judgment to come. He would have been charmed with the preacher's eloquence, and thanked him for the pleasant monnng he had passed. It is a question, indeed, if much of our worship is not used as a recreation. Some use the theatre for this purpose ; others use the church.

It is sometimes said tiaat the majority of conversions now-a-days, at least in towns and cities, take place out of the church, though the church does build up the convert when the great change takes place. How has it been with us ? This charge ought not to lie agamst those who carry on the work of Whitefield and James Haldane !

But the Word is to edify the saint, as well as to convert the sinner.

64 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

The saints, then, that have listened to these varied ministrations, have they heard the undihited truth ? Have they been fed, according to their capacity, some with the pure milk of the Word, some with its strong meat ? Can we bring testimony, that by the Word they have been strengthened to do God's will in the family, in the church, and, especially, in the corrupting atmosphere of the world ? Have the saints been stimulated to work themselves in God's kingdom ? For, after all, the stimulating force of the church is in the ministry.

Can we quote instances wherein it might be said : " I was in terri- ble danger of falling, but God's Word, through my pastor, kept me from the pit." " I was utterly cast down by the difficulties of life, but the Word spoken in my hearing was a strong cordial, and I took heart and went on my way rejoicing." " I lost my dearest friend, the very light of my eyes ; but the Word in the ministry of the church sounded in my ears as a voice from the eternal world, bidding me remember Him who is the Eesurrection and the Life." "My family, my children, are under obligations to my pastor which can never be repaid." The young man, the widow, the man of business, the politician, have been under your influence. Have you spoken such words as to issue in fruits of repentance or wise and holy liviug ? Or has it been mere namby-pamby prosing, or metaphysical speculating, or learned jang- ling, or a re-hash of Judaism, or humdrum emptiness: or any other of the forms in which preaching may become " mere sound and fury signifying nothing."

But there has been more than preaching. Meetings for prayer, the teaching of Bible classes, the oversight of the Sunday school, the cele- bration of Christian ordinances, are powerful agencies for good, if rightly used. Have they been so used ? And what of that responsi- ble function of the cure of souls ? The Chief Shepherd calleth His sheep by name and leadeth them out. The under shepherd certainly has the care of individuals, too. Has the best been made of opportu- nities for private conversation ? " A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in pictures of silver." How many apples have we gathered dur- ing the year ? I say deliberately, as on6 under pastoral care, that the true pastoral function is largely concerned with individuals. The minister in his personal intercourse with his people can do as much to teach, to comfort, to warn, or to help, as by his public utterances. I have often thought that such occasions as marriages, baptisms, sick- nesses, and funerals, with their touching associations, afford invaluable opportunities for enforcing some of the most precious doctrines of our faith. These occasions are often used perfunctorily. But the sower

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 65

who desires well prepared ground will never allow such opportunities to pass. In these days, and amongst us, I think, more than others, we often hear that it is impossible for the minister to do more than preach in public. For my part, I have profound faith in the methods of the All-wise Master. He addressed the crowd, as we all know, but some of his most heart- stirring words were spoken to individuals. Nicodemus came to him— as anxious ones come to you— by night. A woman was met at the well, and Martha at the grave. It was a very small company that gathered at the supper, yet in what language can we characterize the utterances of these opportunities ? And did not the Apostle of the Gentiles — our Apostle— declare, when speaking of his ministry, that he taught publicly, " and from house to house ?" Fa- mily instruction, and house prayer meetings, evidently. The great moral teachers of Greece, as you will remember, pursued the same method. The profoundest wisdom of man, apart from the words of revelation, is contained in records of conversations, either with indi- viduals, or with a select few. It is not wise to ignore the experience of ages and the Master's example.

Doubtless, however, much has been done, though we thus speak. And in spite of what an able minister has called " the moral enervation caused by the weekly custom of delivering opinions authoritatively without the right of reply," there has been zealous and faithful labor. " God has not been unrighteous to forget your labor of love, in that ye have ministered, and do minister."

WHAT HAVE BEEN THE DRAWBACKS?

But have there been any drawbacks ? We have been scrutinizing our items of profit, in drawing out this ecclesiastical balance sheet. Let us now turn to the losses. Have there been any drawbacks then ? Moral and spiritual teachings are unique in this quality, that their power largely depends on the joerson by whom they are spoken. If a man teaches science, his teaching carries weight, though he be well known to be immoral. Not so with your teaching. Conduct is of the very essence of ministry. It may give force to the Word, or it may utterly paralyze it.

Exhortations to holmess from a man known to be living a godless life provoke more than contempt. They develop unbelief. God help the young people of a congregation ministered to by a man of the world in the ministry ! Many of the hardest examples of scoffing and scepticism have been developed within the walls of the church itself.

There is amongst us no particular inclination to monkery or

66 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

asceticism. Our errors do not lie in that direction. That a man should never smile, should fast to spareness of flesh, and affect the role of an anchorite, is not our ideal of the true minister. We know the difference between John the Baptist and our Blessed Master, and that wisdom is justified by her children even yet. But for all this, there is a reasonable seemliness of outward conduct which men pro- perly require in the man whose businees is with the grave themes of the soul and eternity. Even ungodly men feel the force of this. The joUiest of " jolly good fellows" does not want a boon companion to pray with his dying wife. The man who spends his life in the very atmosphere of the bar-room feels a sort of revulsion, if he finds a minister of Christ drinking and smoking with the rest. To the most fervent appeals of such a one, if he chanced to hear him preach, he would listen with a curious air, as a critic watches the performance of a play. And the more fervent the appeal the more he will cry, " What astonishing buncombe !"

I will touch briefly, but I must touch, on graver matters still. These are not mere indiscretions of outward conduct, or unreasonable and silly freedoms. There is such a thing as an outbreak in the church of positive immorality. "Woe to the man by whom this offence cometh ;" and woe to the congregation or fellowship that winks at it ! The pestiferous influence of these things goes far be- yond the bounds of the church. Ungodly men are hardened in their very ungodliness, and wicked men confirmed in their wickedness by the knowledge even of a single man in the high places of the church, who is not only like themselves in real character, but has the deep damnation of hypocrisy in addition. x\nd of all the mournful ex- periences of the manifold Christian church, the saddest is to find such outbreaks in circles of Christians who have separated from brethren on the ground that the church should consist wholly of the regen- erate. These things are the ''flies that spoil the ointment" of a whole denomination. You, in your several churches, labor zealously ; and find possibly you are speiidiug your strength for naught. The apathy of your congregation seems impenetrable. Could you divine the secret thoughts of their hearts, and know what the grave men of your charge, or the young and curious of them, are thinking of, you might find that while you are appealing and exhorting, the devil is whispernig into their ears some scandal of ministerial wickedness five hundred miles away ! This is a drag upon you all. A terrible re- sponsibility is upon any church, any association, any circle of ministers, who suffer such an evil among them. The leaven should be purged out at any cost.

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 67

There are other drawhacks. Lightness and folly, and, I will add, fun and humor, in the pulpit are such. Depend upon it they are. Folly in personal conduct, or in the management of church affairs, is a serious drawhack. More serious still is unscriptural doctrine, should it creep in, — perhaps the following of some will-o'-the-wisp of science, falselj' so called ; science — leaving its own magnificent domain of material things, and seeking to penetrate into " things that are not seen," the spiritual, the transcendental, the eternal, — " vainly puffed up by a fleshly mind," — more fools we if we follow them. Neglect to fol- low up the Word is a drawhack. So is want of skill in personal dealing with men. Learned theologians and great preachers have been utter failures in this respect, and completely baffled by simple cases. Much labor is spent in vain in consequence of the laborer resting satisfied with mere preaching. As well might a physician expect to heal the sick by inducing them to attend medical lectures.

In striking an ecclesiastical balance sheet, we are compelled to make large deductions for losses on such grounds as these ; and, as it is in mercantile life, some of the severest losses arise from the fault of others. All this, however, demonstrates how much we are bound up in one another. If one member suffer, others suffer with him. " If the blind lead the blind, both fall into the ditch."

THE USE OF STATISTICS,

But now, passing from the sphere of individual labor to that which concerns us as a body, it is certainly meet that once a year we look round on the whole position. And we do it. We gather statistics and compare figures. But it is all-important to do this wisely. Figures, it is commonly supposed, always speak the truth. But one whose life is passed amongst them can testify that of all plausible false- lioods, those told by statistics may be the most misleading. This is especially the case when we forget to introduce the principle of com- parison, or when we compare ourselves with ourselves. Scripture declares this not to be wise ; and experience confirms the judgment. When we have gained so much per cent, in so many years, it may possibly be taken as evidence of growth. But if the country itself has gained so much more, we have gone backward and not forward.

Is it, however, of any use at all to gather statistics ? Is there not a sort of " numbering the people" about it ? To which I reply : " All depends on the object. If the object is to foster pride, and a leaning on the arm of flesh, it is only evil. But statistics may be used for the holiest purposes."

Thus, we recognize it as a duty to preach the Gospel to every crea-

68 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

ture within our reach. We feel, generally, with Paul, that we are debtors — that we owe it as a duty to the people of the country in which our lot is cast to diffuse the light and truth of the Word. Some Christians, as we know, repudiate this theory. Hence they have no numbering — no comparing of notes — no measuring of progress. But this is not our theory. We think in all sober seriousness that we are debtors. We have a duty. And statistics, if wisely used, supply us with the means of ascertaining whether we are discharging our duty or not. We think we have a light. Statistics tell to how great an extent our light is shining— that is, whether we are a mere feeble rushlight in the great crowd, invisible except to a small circle, or a torch whose light gleams more or less over the whole multitude. Sta- tistics may lead us either to rejoice before God for success, or to hum- ble ourselves before God for barrenness, and to earnest crying out for more usefulness and more fruit. For wisely used they give us the measure of what we have done. It is by the test of what he has done, that, in the great day, every man will be tried. It is by this we are tried every day by other Christian bodies. And by this we are judged by our brethren at home. The question is asked and we are bound to answer it, what have we, the Congregational churches of Canada, done for the people of Canada ? We sometimes think our brethren in England treat us hardly. Particularly are we sensitive, when, on finding ourselves placed alongside brethren from the great Republic, we are humbled while they are honored.

But in attending the Jubilee meeting in England last year things were forced on my attention of which till then the true bearing had not been appreciated. There were gathered representatives of our thousands of churches in England, and, with them, some representa- tives of the churches in this North American Continent. These last had all their origin, near or remote, in the fatherland ; and their representatives went home, like our settlers occasiojially do, to tell how they were doing in the regions beyond the sea.

It was spirit-stirring to hear the story told by our American brethren. Deducting a leaven of spread-eagleiam, which was evident here and there, one could not but feel proud of our ecclesiastical re- lations as tJiey told of following the stream of emigration westward and planting churches and colleges everywhere towards the setting sun. Fifteen hundred new churches planted during the last twenty-five years was a roll call to excite reflection. They told, too, of their work amongst the colored people of the south. Further, they told in never to be forgotten words (and there was no spread-eagleism here), of

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 69

their great missions to the heathen and Mohammedan world, giving clear evidence of a far-reauiiing and apostolic ambition, revealing a society pressed by the multiplied needs of nations ; longing, and groaning, and praying, and giving, both men and money, and con- secrated women, too, to the great work. It was a wonderful story, and we thank God we heard it.

But when we had to tell our story, " alas ! what a falling off was there," The story was told as well as it could be told by the brethren who were deputed to do it. They performed their task well. But they had to confine themselves largely to telling about Canada as a country. Of the Congregational churches and their work, there was little to be said. And one could not but cry out in bitterness of spirit, " Our leanness !" " What were we among so many ?" It was a bitter experience.

If we Canadians had had to give an account to a meeting of merchants and bankers we could have told a good story enough. I had with me statistics showing that in extent of business, in rapidity of growth, in development of enterprise, we Canadians, in proportion to population, were fully abreast of the United States. A citizen of Montreal or Toronto could hold up his head, in a business or political confereuce, as high as any man from New York or Chicago. But in a gathering of Congregationalists, the conviction was gradually burned into my very soul, that a Canadian would find his true place in a very obscure corner. For really, brethren, what does all our work amount to ? That is the point. We have been in the country fifty years. We have had perfect freedom. What then have we done /

I may be asked— nay I am sure you are asking — what is the good of this style of remark •? Cui bono / Well, brethren, I have a pu.rpose, and the purpose is to make us dissatisfied with ourselves. Dissatisfac- tion is the root of all progress. If we see ourselves as we are, we shall perhaps be led to humble confession and acknowledgment of fail- ure before God, who has given us such a field of labor as Canada is, such freedom to do our work, untrammelled by social or political dis- ability— such principles and traditions to advocate, such opportuni- ties to improve. And, after humble confession, we may make stren- uous resolve, by the grace of God, that the days to come shall be bet- ter than the days that are past, and that, rising from the littleness of our immediate surroundings, and forgetting paltry bickerings in the presence of a heavy responsibility, we will think of the masses of our countrymen who are yet unsaved, of the regions of boundless possi- bility in the North- West ; and, " girding up the loins of our mind,"

70 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

and, emulating the great example of our American brtthren, seek to do our share in the work — not burying our talent in the earth, but occupy- and improving till the Great Master comes.

We certainly cannot point to much actual work, as compared with other churches. It is a very small part of the population of Canada that we directly touch. Individually, each of you has done what he could. And doubtless much has been well done. " Honor to whom honor is due."

FREE THOUGHT AND EBEE SPEECH.

But as a set-off to the small amount of our work in the aggregate, we are apt to claim that we have testified for freedom of thought and speech in the churches at large. This claim merits very careful con- sideration. Bear with me, then, while I endeavor to open out some practical points m connection with this topic. First, then, let it be noted that as to freedom of thought there has been a certain amount of misapprehension in thinking and nonsense in speaking. Thoitgfit is always free. Yon cannot fetter ideas. And no one has anything to do with a man's thoughts but God alone. But when it comes to speech, we must be sensible of a fundamental difference. For speech affects others. It may bless or curse a world. Speech, therefore, (and in treating of speech I include what is written) must be subject to limitation, even as action is. Alexander Selkirk, in his solitary island, could say and do absolutely what he pleased, subject to God alone. But when a man is a member of a community, he cannot say and do what he pleases. He certainly cannot in the civil community. Can he in the ecclesiastical ? In the ecclesiastical he certainly can- not do what he pleases. Can he then say what he pleases ? Are the ecclesiastical relations of a man, his relations to his church, to his brethren, such as to impose any limitations or obligations upon him in respect to speech ? There are speakers on religious subjects who have no ecclesiastical relations. Thes^) are subject to civil limitations only. They are not at liberty, because of these limitations, by speech or writing, to injure their neighbors. But they a)-e perfectly at liberty to rent a hall or to stand in a public place (if the civil law will allow of it), and either commend or denounce revealed religion as they please. For that matter, they can teach Mohammedanism or Buddhism if it please them. But, brethren, this is not our position. You cannot teach Mohammedanism or Buddhism in our churches. You have ec- clesiastical obligations. When men like Eowland Hill lelt the Estab- lished Church and became Evangelists, they threw off their ecclesias- cal obligations along with their benefices, But that state of things

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 7I

began to disappear almost at tlie very outset . The moment a building is erected the question must be settled, " What use is to be made of it?"

Here, then, enters the priiiciple of limitation, a pregnant fact for every one to consider, who exercises a ministry within four walls. But further, if preaching results in the formation of a society, a new principle of limitation is introduced. For no society can hold together without a mutual understanding. By that understanding every mem- ber of the society is bound. Still more, if these societies form connec- tions with other societies of the same kind, w'hen they enter into such relations that a minister of the one has a standing as minister in them : and a member of one is practically (by right of transference) a member of all ; then each of these, pastor and people included, comes under obli- gation to the rest. His absolute freedom is limited by these obligations. This is jjreciselj'- the position of the Congregational churclies of to-day. The people have long passed out of the embryo stage of mere audiences gathered round a preacher. And the preacher himself has long ago ceased to be a person who goes out into the world on his own account, accredited by nobody and responsible to no one. Every minister amongst us is a person who has been accredited, called, or sent. Each of these words implies order, co-operation, and obligation. Certainly those who accredit, call, or send, are bound by solemn obligation to Christ and His people to take due care that only fit jnen are so called out. And, equally, those who are called, are bound as honest men to keep within the bounds of that for which they have been called, or to which they have been sent.

The only difference between Christian bodies of modern days is in the degree of limitation. We can understand one desiring a lesser de- gree of restraint, or a larger measure of liberty, but absolute freedom of speech belongs to a different order of things than a church of Christ. For Jesus Christ, whose disciples we all profess to be, an- nounced himself as the di'^penser, for a definite object, of a certain system of truth. He set forth ideas and principles, whixjh he declared to be true ; and not merely true, but the only truth on the subject. " No man cometh to the Father but by Me."

CHRISTIANITY THE TRUE POSITIVEISM.

He founded His whole system on the reception of these ideas. " He {ha,t helieveth is saved." And he is saved because the things he isrequir- ed to believe are true. It is plainlj' stated, moreover, that as there is a true, so there is a false. This grand distinction between the things that arc true and the thhigs that are false runs through the whole

72 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

teaching of our Lord and His apostles. There is nolatitudinarianism with them. The Word is "the word of the truth of the Gospel." It is "the truth and no lie." There are "false Christs, false prophets, and false teachings." But falsehood, in the system of our Lord, is hate- ful, deadly, and Satanic. " Get thee behind me, Satan" is our Lord's alarming reply to a false suggestion as to the object of His mission, by his most zealous disciple. Talk of positiveism ; there is nothing so positive, so dogmatic, so imperative, so encircling as the doctrine of Christ. It is life to receive it. It is death to reject it. And why ? Because it is the only truth. It is just as possible for it to be equally true that two and two make four or five, or that the angles at the base of an isoceles triangle may be equal or unequal, as that it is equally true that Jesus Christ did or did not come down from heaven ; that He rose or did not rise from the dead ; that He ascended or did not ascend into the heavens ; that He will come or will not come again in glory. There cannot be two true opinions on these and other great Christian verities of Christianity which depend upon them. The enunciation of one or other of opposite opinions on these subjects must be the utterance of a lie, and a lie in these things is spiritual death.

Let us bear in mind that this truth is above all things practical. Jesus Christ claimed to be not a philosophical teacher merely, (though he did claim that), but a Saviour, a Physician sent to heal the souls of men. Now a physician has a serious responsiblity. If he makes a mistake, he will kill the patient. He is in possession of a body of truth which has been tested by experience. On the lines of that truth he exercises his function of healing. And mark this : If a new idea occurs to him, he never dreams of testing it upon his patients. " Experimentum in corpore vili." He tries a new drug upon a dog or a bird, but never upon a man. Let us apply the analogy. The Great Physician of souls and our Master, operated with spiritual materials, viz. : with doctrines, revelations, ideas, — all which being true and perfectly adapted to the case have the function of spiritual healing. He sent forth His messengers to diffuse these ideas and principles, and so to distribute this function of healing through the world. " Go and preacli the Gospel." "He that believeth shall be saved." He sent them out with specifics. And He made tliem dis- tinctly understand that they carried life and death in their hands. The apostles perfectly understood that their word was life and death. One of them cried out— oppressed with these terrible issues — " Who is sufficient for these things ?" As time went on they accumulated

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 73

demonstrations that this medicine had healing power. To men who had preached at Corinth or Ephesus, who had tamed wild beasts and res- cued profligates, who could testify that " with mighty signs and won- ders they bad preached the Gospel from Jerusalem to lUyrium," it would have seemed downright insanity to sigh for freedom to teach Stoicism or Epicureanism ! What should they possibly want that for ? Freedom to become quacks instead of true physicians ! Bah ! Ke- strained — because they cannot administer poison ? Enslaved — be- cause they are forbidden to try experiments as to the effect of other doctrines than those of the great Master? Why should they ? AVhat right have they ? They know that certain doctrines will convert the soul and transform the life. Have they the right to send men down to death, merely to try experiments in spiritual medicine? For in this case you will perceive . ■ :■• :;: no ^^ corpus vile" to experiment upon. You cannot preach .oicism or Epicureanism to dogs

and cats. Indeed, no, Alas ! ino.se terrible experiments must be made with human souls.

Imagine the Apostle Paul taken to task by a free-thinker of that day. " Sir," the free-thinker says, "You are bound to a certain set of ideas. Why not travel beyond them, and explore the whole realm of truth ? You are fishing in very shallow waters. Why not launch out into the deep, and let out your net there ?" " Sir," would not Paul have replied, " You utterly mistake my vocation. I am not an explorer after truth, I have found truth. Like your Archi- medes, I have cried ' Eureka.' I have demonstrated it in the spiritual sphere as clearly as your Euclid did in the material. As to its being narrow, you are utterly mistaken. The truths I teach, by which na- tions may be turned from thu power of Satan to God, are exceediyig broad. The waters I fish in are not shallow. They are deep, yea, thej are unfathomable. These doctrines, in their height and their length, their breadth and their depth, surpass all knowledge. These eternal counsels and deep mysteries, hidden from former ages and genera- tions, but now made manifest, not for this age only, but for the ages to come, are the deep things of the Infinite, of whom and through whom and lo whom are all things in the Universe. Shallow and narrow, indeed ! Accept them yourself, and see whether you can sound their depths to the bottom. Besides, I am charged to teach these things. I have accepted the charge — I am bound by my re- sponsibility. ' Woe is me if I preach not this Gospel.' But, indeed, why should I wish to preach another gospel, when its powers and adaptations are so clearly demorjstrated."

74 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

That, we may be very sure, is what Paul would have said. Now there is not a particle of difference between the functions and duties of a spiritual physician of those days and of our own. And, thank God, there is not a particle of difference in the efficacy of the medi- cine. On the other hand, there is not a particle of difference between the quackery of those days and our own. All our modern fooleries, either in the church or out of it ; all the explorations of the realm of bog and quagmire ; all the Positivism, Spencerism, Rationalism, and others like them, that lie outside the solid realm of Divine truth, are but reproductions of the vain explorations of former ages. I am not speaking of material science. There we have made enormous pro- gress, and fulfilled the original command to subdue the earth. But when the explorers who are floundering about in spiritual quagmires, call upon you to follow them, and taunt you with not bemg free, — what can you say, what ought you who have accepted the responsi- bilties of a spiritual physician to say but this — that you are standing on ground that has been proved to be solid, that you are administering remedies which have been demonstrated to be healing, and that you dare not, as honest men, try spiritual experiments which may mean death to souls— -nay, that it would be intolerable wickedness to do it. For there is no need to try experiments. You might add, that those whose souls you have in charge have some rights m the matter. They have the right to object to spiritual ex- periments being tried on them and their childi-en.*

The grand testimony, brethren, is the testimony of the truth, the truth of our Master and His Apostles — as taught in their own words, which words you have on record, all outside of which (in spiritual things) is a lie; but of which — sad to say — many men, profoundly wise in other v\isdom, are as ignorant as the ordinary man is of Greek. The only freedom wortii contending for is freedom to steep your very souls in this elixir and principle of life, the Divine Word ; so that its many-sided truths, in all their variety of wonderful applicableness, shall be as familiar to you as the realm of drugs to a physician, or of precedents to a lHW3-er. And, contrary to certain

* Practical experience is the trui^ tebt of inoral theories. It is, in fact, the onlj' mode of acquiring knowledge on the subject t1i at is good tor anvthinc'. Let Mr. Herbert Si)encer, for example, nndertaiie tne moial fiURlauoe oi a compauy of five liundi-ed iieople, of various ranks, ages and conditions of life, and r-o-itinue this charge for a sufficient length of time to allow of the changin;^ nuctuiitjuu.s of human existence to take effect. During this change let child)-en be burn and educated to manhood and womanhood ; sickness and deaths come in their turn ; poxuriy to some, and wealth to others. Let men carry on the affairs of business, travel am: 1)0'' ti's', and women the affairs of the house anil society. Let the charge o' the morals, of this number of pooide be a serious and practical one, involving some degree of responsibility— ho^vever slight— for results— and I ventm-e to say that by such a course the philosopher would learn a thousand things that theorists never dream of, and better qualify himself to frame a theory of morals than by reading whole libraries of books and cogitating for a century.

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 75

speculations which have been given forth of late, I make bold to say that the church which will live the longest, and save the most souls (using that word in its highest and deepest sense) in the days to come, will be the church whose ministrations are most thoroughly imbued with the ideas and doctrines of Jesus Christ and His Apostles. I care little about what the form of government may be, though some forms are undoubtedly better than others for certain purposes. We think our own, of course, the best; as it is for certain purposes. But let the vital principles of Divine truth be preached and set forth in a church, to the exclusion of the rubbish of tradition, — either Pharisaic, or Stoic, or Platonic, or other learned folly — that church will have life, the net will catch fish, the medicine will heal, the church will regene- rate and save. And it icill abide. For while flesh is grass, the Word of God abideth for ever.

I make bold to entreat you, brethren, as a layman speaking to his spiritual teachers, do hold fast, in these days of latitudinarianism and of " divers and strange doctrines," to this old doctrine, not in the dead- ness of the letter but in the life of the Spirit, Here you have ample verge aiid room enough ; for, including the Old Testament, which Jesus endorsed, there is in Divine Revelation a range and depth of thought which, I venture to say, has not been fully explored or sound- ed to its limits, even by the most experienced amongst you. And while we repudiate the authority of human creeds, we do need — experience shows it — to beware of that kind of latitude and freedom which would lead us beyond the bounds of a Divine and authoritative standard. For, after much experience of life, and men, and books, I am more than ever convinced that there is a radical difference be- tween the scriptures and all other writings— viz., that the Scriptures are Divine. That is the difference. But if we had to draw out a summary of the chief doctrines taught in Scripture, I should say that beyond controversy, such a one as is contained in the platform of the Evangelical Alliance, or generally in our own Declaration of Faith and Order, would express it. The orthodox faith is right, much as foolish people deride the word " orthodox." But so long as you have the Bible in your pulpits, keep to it. It is not honest — though T have seen it in a Congregational pulpit^ — for a man to stand up with the Bible before him, and give out doctrines and notions, of which not the shadow of a foundation was to be found there.

THE PRIESTHOOD OF LETTERS.

We sometimes hear of the decadence of the pulpit. A great thinker of a previous generation wrote of the "priesthood of letters" as about to

76 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

supplant the priesthood of the Church. " The press," now-a-days, " is the hght of the world." Now, far be it from md to disparage the power of literature for good. The Bible itself is a written book. But the doctrine, as it is often put, is utter unreason. I verily think that God is permitting the press to pour forth its daily deluge of false- hood and folly in the newspapers, as a practical demonstration of the absurdity of this notion. While men rage against His truth and the people speak such intolerably vain things, " He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh : the Lord shall have them in derision."

No, brethren. The pulpit, the place of teaching in Christ's church, when it utters the doctrine of Christ (but not otherwise), that is the light of the world. I am very sure that the pulpit of the United States, and the ministrations of the church generally of that country, with all its imperfections, has saved the land from chaos. Again and again, when travelling in the neighboring Eepublic, after glancing over the farrago of lies and corruption that appears in the daily press, it has been with profound thankfulness I have entered church on Sunday morning, and found that there was one place at any rate where the air was pure, and where intelligence, instead of being prostituted to the most damnable purposes of party or spite, was employed in drawing out from God's word, jirinciples of the truest patriotism and manly, virtue, the life both of Church and State. The proclamation of Christ is the one thing the world needs. All good tiows from that. Personal elevation, social order, true civihzation, rational liberty. AVe have the truth. Let us not be deluded by counterfeits. For of counterfeits the varieties are many.

Civilization is a favorite cry in these days. But civilization is con- sistent, is it not, v/ith lying, cruelty, treachery, and almost everything that degrades the body and the soul ? Was not the court of Nero civilized ? Was not that of Louis XIV. '? Think of Corinth. Ke- member Versailles. Ponder the history of that city of blood and luxury, the very top and crown of modern civilization — Paris. Art, we are told, is to teach us ! Art '? Its huest and highest develop- ments may be unspeakable moral degradation. They not only may be : they often are. It was publicly stated, not long ago, by a president of the Koyal Academy of Eu,i,land, Avhen a certain method of study was objected to as injurious to morals, that it was better to have a hundred studejits ruined than to miss a high development of art in one. Literature ? What literature ? There is the hter- ature of light, and the literature of darkness, is there not ? There is purity, and there is corruption. " Out of the same mouth pro-

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 'JJ

ceedeth both blessing and cursing." Are both ahke ? Is the reading of a book quickening and elevating merely because it is a book ? Is falsehood light because it is in print ? Away with such cant. Literature may damn the soul, as Avell as save it. The tree of the knowledge of good and evil is not the tree of life.

You, and you only, have the life of the world in your hands. Eound the centre of Christian light, the suji of the moral universe — art, literature and civilization may revolve in harmonious propor- tion, and be blessed. But substituted for it, or setting themselves in opposition to it, art, civihzation, literature are only wandering stars, misleading souls into the blackness of darkness for ever and ever.

It has been, I confess, with a deep feeling of shame and something too of indignation, that I have heard teachers amongst us (not in this countr,y) in descanting on the great work of the future, exhorts us not to launch out into the deep seas of Divine truth to meet the stirring thoughts of the time ; not to ponder new modes of bringing Christ and His Gospel before all sorts and conditions of men; (a thing we have lamentably tailed in in Britain) ; not how we may save the largest number of souls, and build up temples of redeemed men on the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets (being sure that all other good things would follow) ; but alas ! to enlarge our thoughts in the direction of contriving increased satisfaction for the bodily wants of men ; and to seek first, not the Kingdom of God and His righteous- ness, but the otlier things that may and do exist without it. Good tbings, undoubtedly good they are, but not the first things- -not the things that your ministry is consecrated to. Yea, and in so doing we have been exhorted to learn lessons, not from Christ, and Paul, and John ; but from Voltaire, Rousseau and the Secularists, v/hose whole ambition is to make the most of this world, for the best possible rea- son, because they believe in no other. But for us, God help us, if we are delivered over to such nonsense. Beware, I entreat you, of the lying counterfeits of the day. Beware of pecularism, of'" oppositions of science, falsely so called;'' beware of "doctrines of genealogies," and the vain jangling of earthly politics. "Launch i)ut into the deep" in order to catch men for Christ. To catch men '. Think, I pray, you, every, Sunday, have I caught any men to-day ? If not, is my net at fault ? Or is it my unskilful handling of it ? Christ yearns for souls. Don't be so foolish as to bring him mere bodies and secularities.

PURITY OF COMMUNION.

But finall}', I hear you say, we have testified for purity of commu- nion. Purity of communion, viz. : that the church of Christ shall

yB THfi CHRISTIAN MlNISTHY.

consist of regenerate men ; that indeed is a very positive thing to tes- tify about. There are no metaphysical mists and pitfalls here. A great ideal, truly ! A church of saints, a congregation of faithful men, manifesting faith by love, by uprightness, by superiority to the lying trickeries of the age, by self-denial, by goodness. We Congre- gationalists have taken hold of a great and unshakeable principle here. Independency may be mere pride and self-will. Yes, it may. Free- dom may become license to do evil. Yes, only too truly. But good- ness, wisdom, holiness ; these are positive and unmistakeable bless- mgs» To uphold and spread these is to give life to the world. But, brethren, if we would uphold them we must manifest them. We shall be contemptible creatures, indeed, if while contending for purity, men can truthfully say of us, "With all their talk, they are like our- selves." Do we not need to be a little more careful of the entrance to our churches ? Conversion and regeneration have of old been the accepted qualifications for membership. Have we not become lax in our examination ? Depend upon it if our churches consist of Christ's own disciples, they will take root and grow. They will be the light of the community around them, and they will be the salt to purify it.

OUE MISSION WOKK.

Pardon me for detaining you a few minutes longer, that a word or two may be said about some matters of practical interest. First, as to our Missionary operations. It is vain to think of making progress with these unless we have the missionary spirit. What is the mission- ary spirit ? Why, the desire to catch men. There you have it in a word. It is a restless spirit. It reaches out, and looks forth on the field of the world, near or far. It hates to build on other men's foun- dations. It strives to preach the Gospel where Christ has not been named. When we have the missionary spirit a way for its operation will surely be found. We have missed scores of opportunities because we were thinking of something else than catching men. Had the ambition to gather souls for Christ been always burning within us, I verily believe our churches would have been treble or quadruple their present number. The past cannot be recalled. For the future let us act wisely. As a practical measure let me suggest this. Our Gene- ral Missionary Committee should be a standing body, and should meet once a month. A sufficient number of members of the committee should be located in one place to ensure the work being attended to. It should, in time, oversee the Manitoba work, as well as the rest. And we must have a Missionary Superintendent. If one cannot be had whose whole time is devoted to the work, let one of the pastors be

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 79

superintendeut. It is a question if the work of sustaining weak churches should not be separated from that of spreading and extend- ing abroad. A society for aiding weak churches would command sympathy and support. And so would a society for spreading abroad the Gospel. It might multiply machmery but it would conduce im- mensely to definitive action. It would save heartburning, too, and I am certain it would draw out more funds.

MODES OF WORSHIP.

There is a controversy in England respecting the mode of con- ducting worship among us. This is a large subject. It would be absurd to enter on it fully at the close of an address. But I will observe in brief.

1. That beyond doubt the reading of Scripture, the singing of psalms and hymns, the offering of prayer may be made a powerful means of edification — aye, and of conversion too.

2. That it is desirable for the pastor to devote time, labor and skill to arrive at a thorough competency in these things. He should understand something of music, everything abont hymnology, and be a master of the art of reading in public. He should, above all, master the difficult problem of praying in public, in the power of the Spirit, and on Divine models.

8. We all have a form of service, — i.e. we have, in effect, a liturgy. Forms oi prayer, however, have both advantages and disavantages. They secure the bringing before a congregation the expression of a wider, profounder, and more edifying raage of thought than ordinary extempore utterances do. They secure a congregation against vul- garity, irreverence, impertinence and oratorical display : all common faults, as you know. But they tend to formalism aud hardness of heart. And they caixnot be adapted to circumstances. The subject is a large one, and cannot be pursued. Doubtless it would be pro- fitable to give more time to our worship, — put more thought and heart into it, — aim to make it a substantial and edifying tiling in itself even if the sermon is shortened to half an hour in the process.

I may say, however, that many times, having worshipped in an Epis- copal Church in the morning and a Congregational or Presbyterian Church in the evening — and having heard, especially in England, on the same day, the best of both — my judgment invariably gave its verdict in this direction, — that for purposes of solid edification, the service of the English Church was as superior to that of the Nonconformist church as the preaching of the latter was superior to the former. And the superiority I believe largely consists in the great quantity

8o THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

and variety of the Divine word wliich is introduced. For "the entrance of God's word giveth Hght." There is nothing, however, to prevent us having much more than we have. I verily beHeve that a service Hke that of old Surrey Chapel is, on the whole, the best for practical purposes.

THE PASTORAL OFFICE.

As to the pastoral office and .function you may gather that I magnify this office. Indeed I do. It is one of the most deplorable symptoms among us, that in large cities the pastoral function is in danger of falling altogether into disuse. The minister may become a mere lecturer. He does not feel responsibility for his congregation. Where this pestilent heresy creeps in there is no cure of souls ; no watching, therefore, for souls ; no shepherding, guiding or governing. except as it can be done by talking to a crowd of people. To talk of exercising a watch for souls in that way is an absurdity. As a hearer and a layman, I do strenuously press upon pastors present that they seek to know every member of their flock, and to know the world they are living in, a matter in which deplorable ignorance is some- times manifested. Cultivate every mode in which your teaching can be made personal, such as Bible classes, Bible readings, prayer meet- ings, and the like. Nothing binds a church so much together, heals breaches, stops difficulties and tends to steady solid growth, as an as- siduous, wise and devout cultivation of this great function of caring for individuals. As part of the pastoral function the care of the Sun- day School may properly be emphasized. The lambs of the flock are fed there. Is it not the duty of tho pastor to see that they are fed wisely? He cannot be the active su) rintendent. But a presiding care he certainly should have, ex(r>.i.^.a ..irgely through the teachers. Through them he should feed the lambs.

CHURCH FINANCES.

As to church finances and business. This, I am aware, is generally a layman's function. But it would really be desirable for the pastor to pay attention to church business himself. The scriptural delineation of a bishop gives us a man of business rather than a man of letters. The great apostle of the Gentiles — our own apostle— took careful note of money matters. And the Holy Ghost speaking by him grouped together some of the profoundest utterances as to eternal things, with practical common sense directions about a weekly collection. Still, it is primarily the duty of laymen. And laymen ought to be as precise and business like about the atiairs of the church as they are about their own. And I am persuaded of this, that with

THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. 8l

proper system, at least double the money could be raised among us for denominational objects than there is, and in some churches treble or quadruple. And they would really never feel it.

Further, we should be prepared to economize and sacrifice in order to give. What men and women of the world spend in luxury and folly, we should save and consecrate to God. And part of what others save and keep till death to be squandered by their heirs, we should be prepared to give while we live, after reasonable claims have been provided for. We shall never extend missionary operations and build churches, manses, and a college, and pay off existing debts, until we are willing to economize and sacrifice in order to accomplish it. We could get a large sum of money for Foreign Missions by having a systematic collection in every church on every missionary prayer meeting. Try this for a year and see what the result will be. We could raise all the income we want for our College if the pastor would preach a pertinent sermon on the subject once a year and follow it up by taking up subscriptions — getting a good round sum from the most liberal man in the church, and invoking the scriptural principle of emulation for the rest.

As to our Home Mission we might follow the same rule. Let a sermon l)e preached on the subject. Not a sermon on the difference between the character of Jacob and Esau, or on the eternal Sonship of the Mesiah, but a sermon giving information about our own work in this Dominion of Canada in this year of our Lord 1882. Our Epis- copal friends are generally more practical than we are. Their home mission sermons generally tell us all about what they are doing. Give your people information. Act on their intelligence. Wake up their sympathies. And you will get all the money you want : and that not in the way of boiling out of unwilling contributions, but by hearty free will offering, — probably with the addendum, " If you want more come and teU me."

We ought to pray more over our finances. Prayer and system should work together. I know a church that was heavily burdened with debt a year or two ago. Some of the members took the burden to the Lord, recognizing that the silver and the gold are His. They prayed with intulhgence and directness, viz., that some of their number might be prospered in business, that so they might have the means of lessening the debt. That year, to my knowledge, two members of the church realized profits ot over $100,000 each in trade, the result being that they recognized the obligation, and with the help of another, paid off the church debt entkely. Their bounty in fact overflowed to others,

82 THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY.

for one of them out of personal friendship to the pastor of Emanuel church, Montreal, presented the treasurer with $500 to assist in paying off its debt.

ABOUT OUR COLLEGE.

It was in this very church, some ten years ago, that a substantial beginning was made towards an Endowment Fund. I have had the opinion, and expressed it, that it would have been wiser to have di- rected our efforts to the erection of a building. I think by this time had that been done we might have had both building and endowment. Be that as it may, the endowment fund has already amounted to one sum of $20,000, and there is $2,700 in hand towards a second fund of like amount.

As to a building — it has become a necessity. The work is not half done, when done as it is done now. The students work at heavy dis- advantage. They have also to endure great privations. That power- ful stimulant in the college, the esprit de corps, cannot he properly de- veloped unless students have a building and live together.

As to the place — the college is in Montreal. There does not seem a sufficient reason for tearing it up by the roots. Besides, if you did, the way to a building seems very uncertain. As to Manitoba, it is so far off that Toronto or Montreal makes but little difference. And when the Pacific Eailway is finished there will practically be none at all.

But it is all-important that the churches rally round the college and sustain it. It would be foolish to build unless that were assured. The committee hope to be able to secure a Principal in England, who will exercise, under Grod, a quickening influence, not only over the college but over the churches.

There is one way of co-operation that is open to you all. Look out for young men who have spiritual and intellectual aptitudes, and who can both read and speak. Don't encourage others. Don't send